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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Boston, Massachusetts » Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #348927
Research Project: Sarcopenia, Nutrition, and Physical Activity

Location: Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging

Title: Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults - a systematic review report of the international sarcopenia initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS)

Author
item CRUZ-JENTOFT, ALFONSO - Hospital Ramon Y Cajal
item LANDI, FRANCESCO - Catholic University Of The Sacred Heart Italy
item SCHNEIDER, STEPHANE - University Of Nice
item ZUNIGA, CLEMENTE - Autonomous University Of Baja California
item ARAI, HIDENORI - Kyoto University
item BOIRIE, YVES - Clermont Universite, Universite D'Auvergne, Unite De Nutrition Humaine
item CHEN, LIANG-KUNG - Taipei Veterans General Hospital
item FIELDING, ROGER - Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging At Tufts University
item MARTIN, FINBARR - Guys And St Thomas Nhs Foundation Trust
item MICHEL, JEAN-PIERRE - University Hospitals Of Geneva
item SIEBER, CORNEL - University Of Erlangen
item STOUT, JEFFREY - University Of Central Florida
item STUDENSKI, STEPHANIE - University Of Pittsburgh
item VELLAS, BRUNO - Toulouse University Hospital
item WOO, JEAN - The Chinese University Of Hong Kong (CUHK)
item ZAMBONI, MAURO - University Of Verona
item CEDERHOLM, TOMMY - Uppsala University

Submitted to: Age and Ageing
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/8/2014
Publication Date: 9/21/2014
Citation: Cruz-Jentoft, A.J., Landi, F., Schneider, S.M., Zuniga, C., Arai, H., Boirie, Y., Chen, L., Fielding, R.A., Martin, F.C., Michel, J., Sieber, C., Stout, J.R., Studenski, S.A., Vellas, B., Woo, J., Zamboni, M., Cederholm, T. 2014. Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults - a systematic review report of the international sarcopenia initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS). Age and Ageing. 43:748-759. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afu115.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Objective: to examine the clinical evidence reporting the prevalence of sarcopenia and the effect of nutrition and exercise interventions from studies using the consensus definition of sarcopenia proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). Methods: PubMed and Dialog databases were searched (January 2000-October 2013) using pre-defined search terms. Prevalence studies and intervention studies investigating muscle mass plus strength or function outcome measures using the EWGSOP definition of sarcopenia, in well-defined populations of adults aged >/=50 years were selected. Results: prevalence of sarcopenia was, with regional and age-related variations, 1-29% in community-dwelling populations, 14-33% in long-term care populations and 10% in the only acute hospital-care population examined. Moderate quality evidence suggests that exercise interventions improve muscle strength and physical performance. The results of nutrition interventions are equivocal due to the low number of studies and heterogeneous study design. Essential amino acid (EAA) supplements, including ~2.5 g of leucine, and beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyric acid (HMB) supplements, show some effects in improving muscle mass and function parameters. Protein supplements have not shown consistent benefits on muscle mass and function. Conclusion: prevalence of sarcopenia is substantial in most geriatric settings. Well-designed, standardised studies evaluating exercise or nutrition interventions are needed before treatment guidelines can be developed. Physicians should screen for sarcopenia in both community and geriatric settings, with diagnosis based on muscle mass and function. Supervised resistance exercise is recommended for individuals with sarcopenia. EAA (with leucine) and HMB may improve muscle outcomes.