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Title: Biomarker-predicted sugars intake compared with self-reported measures in US Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the HCHS/SOL SOLNAS study

Author
item BEASLEY, J - New York University School Of Medicine
item JUNG, M - Johns Hopkins School Of Public Health
item TASEVSKA, N - Arizona State University
item WONG, W - Children'S Nutrition Research Center (CNRC)
item SIEGA-RIZ, A - North Carolina State University
item SOTRES-ALVAREZ, D - North Carolina State University
item GELLMAN, M - University Of Miami
item KIZER, J - Albert Einstein College Of Medicine
item SHAW, P - University Of Pennsylvania
item STAMLER, J - Northwestern University
item STOUTENBERG, M - University Of Miami
item VAN HORN, L - Northwestern University
item FRANKE, A - University Of Hawaii
item WYLIE-ROSETT, J - Albert Einstein College Of Medicine
item MOSSAVAR-RAHMANI, Y - Albert Einstein College Of Medicine

Submitted to: Public Health Nutrition
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/12/2016
Publication Date: 6/24/2016
Citation: Beasley, J.M., Jung, M., Tasevska, N., Wong, W.W., Siega-Riz, A.M., Sotres-Alvarez, D., Gellman, M.D., Kizer, J.R., Shaw, P.A., Stamler, J., Stoutenberg, M., Van Horn, L., Franke, A.A., Wylie-Rosett, J., Mossavar-Rahmani, Y. 2016. Biomarker-predicted sugars intake compared with self-reported measures in US Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the HCHS/SOL SOLNAS study. Public Health Nutrition. 19(18):3256-3264.

Interpretive Summary: Too much sugar in foods may be linked to higher risks of obesity, high blood sugar, high blood pressure, and high blood fats. Based on self-reported data, US Hispanics/Latinos are known to drink 25% more drinks with high sugar content. Hispanics/Latinos also are known to have higher risk of high blood sugar. Since self-reported data on diet is full of errors, the study planned to find out how the self-reported data on sugar drinks compare with data based on actual measurements of two sugars, sucrose and fructose, in 24-hour urine samples collected from 450 Hispanics/Latinos between 18 and 74 years of ago who took part in the Study of Latinos: Nutrition & Physical Activity Assessment Study (SOLNAS) in four centers (Bronx, New York; Chicago, Illinois; Miami, Florida, and San Diego, California). The self-reported total sugars intake (90.6 grams/day) was significantly lower than the total sugars intake (167.5 grams/day) based on the actual total sugars measurements in the 24-hour urine samples. More importantly, the two sets of data were not related to each other at all. The lack of relationship between the self-reported total sugars intake and the measured total sugars intake could be due of the huge errors associated with the self-reported method, the wide daily changes in sugars intake within a single subject, or the urinary sucrose and fructose may not reflect total sugars intake among Hispanics/Latinos. Further studies are needed to correctly report or measure total sugars intake among Hispanic/Latinos before making any connections of high sugars intake to risks of obesity, high blood sugar, high blood pressure and high blood fats.

Technical Abstract: Measurement error in self-reported total sugars intake may obscure associations between sugars consumption and health outcomes, and the sum of 24 hour urinary sucrose and fructose may serve as a predictive biomarker of total sugars intake. The study of Latinos: Nutrition & Physical Activity Assessment Study (SOLNAS) was an ancillary study to the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) cohort. Doubly labelled water and 24 hour urinary sucrose and fructose were used as biomarkers of energy and sugars intake, respectively. Participants' diets were assessed by up to three 24 h recalls (88% had two or more recalls). Procedures were repeated approximately 6 months after the initial visit among a subset of ninety-six participants. Four centers (Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; San Diego, CA) across the USA. Men and women (n=477) aged 18-74 years. The geometric mean of total sugars was 167.5 (95% CI 154.4, 181.7) g/d for the biomarker-predicted and 90.6 (95 % CI 87.6, 93.6) g/d for the self-reported total sugars intake. Self-reported total sugars intake was not correlated with biomarker-predicted sugars intake (r=-0.06, P=0.20, n=450). Among the reliability sample (n=90), the reproducibility coefficient was 0.59 for biomarker-predicted and 0.20 for self-reported total sugars intake. Possible explanations for the lack of association between biomarker-predicted and self-reported sugars intake include measurement error in self-reported diet, high intra-individual variability in sugars intake, and/or urinary sucrose and fructose may not be a suitable proxy for total sugars intake in this study population.