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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Logan, Utah » Poisonous Plant Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #341292
Title: Experimental poisoning by Niedenzuella stannea in cattle and corresponding detection of monofluoroacetate

Author
item PEIXOTO DE ARRUDA, FELIPE - Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul
item BRAVIM CALDEIRA, FLÁVIO - Instituto Federal De Educação Ciência E Tecnologia
item DUCATTI, KÁSSIA RENOSTRO - Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul
item BEZERRA, KALINNE - Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul
item MARCOLONGO-PEREIRA, CLAIRTON - Centro Universitário Ritter Dos Reis (UNIRITTER)
item Lee, Stephen
item Cook, Daniel
item RIET-CORREA, FRANKLIN - National Agricultural Research Institute(INIA)
item COLODEL, EDSON MOLETA - Universidade Federal Do Mato Grosso Do Sul

Submitted to: Ciencia Rural
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/5/2016
Publication Date: 1/12/2017
Citation: Peixoto De Arruda, F., Bravim Caldeira, F.H., Ducatti, K., Bezerra, K.S., Marcolongo-Pereira, C., Lee, S.T., Cook, D., Riet-Correa, F., Colodel, E. 2017. Experimental poisoning by Niedenzuella stannea in cattle and corresponding detection of monofluoroacetate. Ciencia Rural. 47(03):e20160761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20160761.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20160761

Interpretive Summary: In Brazil monofluoroacetate (MFA) containing plants are represented by 16 different plant species. These plants can cause acute cardiac failure often referred to as sudden death syndrome. The objective of this paper was to determine if Niedenzuella stannea contains MFA and to report the clinical signs and pathology of cattle experimentally poisoned by this plant. MFA was detected in all N. stannea plant parts except mature leaves. Niedenzuella stannea was dosed to cattle at single doses of 15-30g kg-1 bw. Clinical signs and pathology observed were similar to those reported by other MFA-containing plants. Animals showed rapid heart rate, labored breathing, muscle tremors, loss of balance, falling, pedaling movements, and muscle spasms leading to death in few minutes. Gross lesions included engorgement of the large veins, severe lung edema, and lesions of the heart. Microscopic lesions were of the kidney were observed. Cattle that received daily doses of 4g kg-1 body weight for 24 days showed no clinical signs. In summary, this is the first report that N. stannea contains monofluoroacetate and causes sudden death in cattle.

Technical Abstract: In Brazil monofluoroacetate (MFA) containing plants are represented by 16 species that belong to three principle genera: Palicourea (Rubiaceae), Amorimia (Malpighiaceae), and Tanaecium (Bignoniaceae). These plants can cause acute cardiac failure often referred to as sudden death syndrome. The objective of this paper was to determine if N. stannea contains MFA and to report the clinical signs and pathology of cattle experimentally poisoned by this plant. MFA was detected in all N. stannea plant parts except mature leaves. Niedenzuella stannea was dosed to cattle at single doses of 15-30g kg-1 bw. Clinical signs and pathology observed were similar to those reported by other MFA-containing plants. Animals showed marked tachycardia, labored breathing, muscle tremors, loss of balance, ataxia, falling, recumbence, pedaling movements, and opisthotonous leading to death in few minutes. Gross lesions included engorgement of the large veins, severe lung edema, and petechiae, ecchymosis and suffusions in the pericardium, epicardium and pleura. Histologically, hydropic vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of epithelial cells of the kidney were observed. Cattle that received daily doses of 4g kg-1 body weight for 24 days showed no clinical signs. In summary, this is the first report that N. stannea contains monofluoroacetate and causes sudden death in cattle.