Author
Register, Karen | |
JACKWOOD, MARK - University Of Georgia |
Submitted to: A Laboratory Manual for the Isolation and Identification of Avian Pathogens
Publication Type: Book / Chapter Publication Acceptance Date: 2/1/2015 Publication Date: 7/1/2016 Citation: Register, K.B., Jackwood, M. 2016. Bordetella avium. In: Williams, S.M., Dufour-Zavala, L., Jackwood, M.W., Lee, M.D., Lupaiani, B., Reed, W.M., Spackman, E., Woolcock, P.R., editors. A Laboratory Manual for the Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Avian Pathogens. 6th ed. OmniPress, Inc.: Madison, Wisconsin. p. 9-13. Interpretive Summary: Bordetellosis is an acute, highly contagious respiratory disease most frequently seen in young turkeys (4-8 weeks of age). The disease is caused by the bacterium, Bordetella avium. Bordetellosis is most severe when it occurs in conjunction with other respiratory infections, especially Newcastle disease, or when turkeys are immunosuppressed. Mortality can be high when poor management (inadequate ventilation, dust, chilling, or filthy conditions) is a complicating factor or when turkeys are co-infected with other pathogens. Here we detail currently recommended procedures for sample collection, agent isolation and identification, rapid detection approaches, serological detection and differentiation from closely related agents. Technical Abstract: Bordetellosis is an acute, highly contagious disease of the upper respiratory tract of young turkeys (4-8 wk of age). The disease is caused by a gram-negative, nonfermentative bacterium, Bordetella avium. Members of the genus Bordetella are well known for their ability to colonize and damage ciliated epithelial surfaces in the respiratory tract and B. avium is no exception. Bordetellosis is most severe when it occurs in conjunction with other respiratory infections, especially Newcastle disease, or when turkeys are immunosuppressed. Mortality can be high when poor management (inadequate ventilation, dust, chilling, or filthy conditions) is a complicating factor and there is an associated colibacillosis. B. avium is an opportunistic pathogen in chickens. Agent Identification. Bordetellosis can be diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs (snick or cough with a catarrhal nasal discharge) and isolation of B. avium from the respiratory tract. Serologic Detection in the Host. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and microagglutination tests are accurate and sensitive for detecting antibodies in turkeys. Test results can be an aid in diagnosis and in monitoring the serum antibody response to vaccination. |