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Title: Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of Bluetongue virus serotype 2 strains isolated in the Americas including a novel strain from the western United States

Author
item Gaudreault, Natasha
item MAYO, CHRISTIE - University Of California
item Jasperson, Dane
item CROSSLEY, BEATE - University Of California
item BREITMEYER, RICHARD - University Of California
item JOHNSON, DONNA - Animal And Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)
item OSTLUND, EILEEN - Animal And Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)
item MACLACHLAN, JAMES - University Of California
item Wilson, William

Submitted to: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/29/2014
Publication Date: 6/10/2014
Citation: Gaudreault, N.N., Mayo, C., Jasperson, D.C., Crossley, B.M., Breitmeyer, R.E., Johnson, D.J., Ostlund, E.N., Maclachlan, J., Wilson, W.C. 2014. Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of Bluetongue virus serotype 2 strains isolated in the Americas including a novel strain from the western United States. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 26:553. DOI: 10.1177/1040638714536902

Interpretive Summary: Bluetongue is a disease of domestic and wild ruminants that can be fatal and is caused by an insect-transmitted virus. There are four types of the virus throughout the United States (US), while one type was previously only detected in the southeastern US. Genetic analysis performed in this study suggest co-circulation of viruses in the southeastern US, and supports the previous finding that the western isolate is related to recent southeastern strains. This study further supports the need for an ongoing entomologic and livestock surveillance program for this economically important livestock disease.

Technical Abstract: Bluetongue is caused by an arbovirus which produces widespread edema and tissue necrosis in domestic and wild ruminants that can be fatal. Bluetongue virus serotypes 10, 11, 13, and 17 are typically found throughout the United States (US), while serotype 2 was previously only detected in the southeastern US. In 2010, serotype 2 was identified in California for the first time and preliminary sequences analysis indicated that the virus isolate was closely related to strains circulating in the southeastern US. Additional whole genome sequences of related strains were generated and compared with the novel western isolate. The results of this analysis suggest co-circulation of viruses in the southeastern US, and supports the preliminary finding that the western isolate is related to recent southeastern strains. This study further supports the need for an ongoing entomologic and livestock surveillance program for this economically important livestock disease.