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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Gainesville, Florida » Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology » Mosquito and Fly Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #281989
Title: Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Botanical Sources and Their Use for Control of Medical Insects and Malaria Parasites

Author
item MURUGAN, K - Bharathiar University
item SHRI, K.P. - Bharathiar University
item Barnard, Donald

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/12/2012
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The use of "green" processes for the synthesis of nanoparticles is a new branch of nanotechnology. However, knowledge of the bioactivity of nanoparticles against mosquitoes and malaria parasites is limited. We tested silver nanoparticles (average size 450 nm) bio-reduced in 5% Cassia occidentalis leaf broth (from aqueous 1 mM AgNO3) against the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, and the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Toxicity assays against 4th instar Anopheles stephensi larvae, at nanoparticle concentrations of 3 mg/l, 1.50 mg/l, and 0.75 mg/l, indicated median lethal concentrations (LC50) of 0.30 ppm, 0.41 ppm, and 2.12 ppm, respectively. Adult longevity (days) in male and female mosquitoes exposed as larvae to 0.1 ppm silver nanoparticles was reduced by 29 % (p <0.05). The number of eggs laid by females exposed as larvae to 0.1 ppm silver nanoparticles decreased by 32% (p <0.05). When tested in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum, silver nanoparticles inhibited development in chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive parasites. Levels of inhibition (sensitive/resistant) at the 25, 50, 75, and 100 µg/ml nanoparticle concentrations were 32.0%/38.9%, 23.5%/30.9%, 11.0%/19.8%, and 6.05%/11.1 %, respectively.