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Title: FADS gene polymorphisms in Koreans: association with _6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum phospholipids, lipid peroxides, and coronary artery disease

Author
item KWAK, JUNG HYUN - Yonsei University
item PAIK, JEAN KYUNG - Yonsei University
item KIM, OH YOEN - Yonsei University
item JANG, YANGSOO - Yonsei University
item LEE, SANG-HAK - Yonsei University
item ORDOVAS, JOSE M. - Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging At Tufts University
item LEE, JONG HO - Yonsei University

Submitted to: Atherosclerosis
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/4/2010
Publication Date: 1/1/2011
Citation: Kwak, J., Paik, J., Kim, O., Jang, Y., Lee, S., Ordovas, J., Lee, J. 2011. FADS gene polymorphisms in Koreans: association with _6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum phospholipids, lipid peroxides, and coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 214(1):94-100.

Interpretive Summary: Dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been associated with lower blood cholesterol levels and potentially with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Our bodies have the ability to increase the unsaturation of some fats using specific enzymes known as fatty acid desaturases (FADS). Genetic polymorphism within the genes coding for these FADS have shown to be associated with the levels of highly unsaturated PUFAs and with certain metabolic profiles. However, little is known about their relation with CVD. We investigated this relation in a population of Korean subjects with (n=756) and without CVD (n=890). Four such polymorphisms were investigated and one of them known as 174537G>T differed in prevalence between controls and CAD patients. Specifically, those with mutant allele had lower risk of CAD.and significantly different fatty acid profile. The protection was primarily due to a beneficial profile of blood lipid levels and oxidation biomarkers. This information may be used for early prediction of CVD risk in individuals and appropriate dietary prevention.

Technical Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases are multifactorial and blood lipids are one of their best characterized risk factors. In addition to blood cholesterol levels, triglycerides (TG) are also important risk factors and their levels are determined by genetic and environmental factors such as diet. Regarding the genetic component, a protein called APOA5 is one of the strongest regulators of blood TG concentrations; nevertheless, its mechanisms of action are poorly characterized. Genetic variability at the APOA5 gene has also been associated directly with increased cardiovascular disease risk; however, this predisposition could be attenuated in the context of a prudent diet. We have investigated in overweight/obese subjects (n= 1465) whether the interaction between a polymorphism at the APOA5 gene known as -1131T > C and dietary fat may modulate TG concentrations and body weight. Our results show a significant genotype-dietary fat interaction for obesity in such a way that those subjects with the genetic polymorphism at the APOA5 gene are protected from obesity even consuming a diet relatively high in fat. Therefore, these findings contribute to the development of more personalized dietary recommendations to achieve better obesity prevention.