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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Raleigh, North Carolina » Market Quality and Handling Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #246780
Title: Value Added Processing of Peanut Meal: Enzymatic Hydrolysis to Improve Functional and Nutritional Properties of Water Soluble Extracts

Author
item KANE, LAUREN - North Carolina State University
item Davis, Jack
item OAKES, AARON - North Carolina State University
item Dean, Lisa
item Sanders, Timothy

Submitted to: Journal of Food Biochemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/23/2011
Publication Date: 1/15/2012
Citation: Kane, L.E., Davis, J.P., Oakes, A.J., Dean, L.L., Sanders, T.H. 2012. Value Added Processing of Peanut Meal: Enzymatic Hydrolysis to Improve Functional and Nutritional Properties of Water Soluble Extracts. Journal of Food Biochemistry. 36 (5) 520-531.

Interpretive Summary: Peanut meal is the high protein byproduct of commercial peanut oil production. While an excellent source of protein, aflatoxin contamination currently limits applications of peanut meal to feed markets. Recently described efforts to sequester aflatoxin from peanut meal during processing have proven successful, potentially allowing for processing of this material into value added components including aflatoxin free protein/peptide isolates. Accordingly, the current manuscript focuses on the potential for enzymatic hydrolysis (three different proteases are compared) to improve the functional and nutritional properties of peanut meal during processing. Enzymatic hydrolysis substantially increase solubility and antioxidant capacities of peanut meal hydrolysates. A potential mechanism for the observed antioxidant increase with increasing hydrolysis is discussed. These and other chemical/functional data within the manuscript directly apply to strategies for value added processing of peanut meal.

Technical Abstract: Value added applications are needed for peanut meal, which is the high protein byproduct of commercial peanut oil production. Peanut meal dispersions were hydrolyzed with alcalase, flavourzyme and pepsin in an effort to improve functional and nutritional properties of the resulting water soluble extracts. Degree of hydrolysis (DH) ranged from 20-60% for alcalase, 10-20% for pepsin and 10-70% for flavourzyme from 3-240 min. Low molecular weight peptides (<14 kDa) and unique banding patterns reflected the different proteolytic activities of each enzyme as determined by SDS-PAGE. Total soluble solids and soluble nitrogen increased a minimum of 30% and 110%, respectively, for all hydrolysates after 4 h hydrolysis. Differences in air/water adsorption responses of hydrolysates were a function of protease specificity. Antioxidant capacities of all hydrolysates were greater than unhydrolyzed controls and correlated linearly (R2 = 0.87) with DH, whereas antioxidant capacities of hydrolysates were minimally dependent on BCA protein solubility or amino acid composition.