Author
 |
Knight, Alan |
|
Submitted to: Environmental Entomology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: 1/15/2010 Publication Date: 3/15/2010 Citation: Knight, A.L. 2010. Increased Catch of Female Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Kairomone-baited Clear Delta Traps. Environmental Entomology. 39(2): 583-590. Interpretive Summary: Codling moth is an important pest of apple, pear, and walnut throughout its worldwide distribution. The ability of growers to reliably monitor this pest is critical to effective pest management programs. At present, growers monitor male moths in traps and correlate these data with risk of eggs laid by females and subsequent fruit injury. A new clear plastic trap design was developed by ARS researchers at the USDA, ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Wapato, WA to increase the capture of female moths using host and food lures. The clear trap provided significantly higher counts of female moths than standard traps. These data suggest that new thresholds and timing models based on female moths can be more readily adopted by pest managers. This new trap has the potential to improve the use of insecticides and to supplement the use of sex pheromone-based mating disruption. Technical Abstract: The relative performance of a clear delta trap baited with individual or combination sex pheromone and kairomone lures for codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), was evaluated against three vertical pane and colored delta traps in one or more field trials in apple, Malus domestica (Borkhausen). The clear caught significantly more moths of each sex than an orange delta trap when baited with ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester) and acetic acid (PE-AA); and performed similarly to oil-coated pane traps. The clear caught significantly more females than the orange delta trap with pear ester alone, pear ester plus (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone) (PE-PH) or a combination of PE-PH and acetic acid. Male moth capture was similar in both clear and colored delta traps with all codlemone lures tested. A clear delta trap baited with PE-AA caught as many total moths as an orange delta trap baited with PE-PH during three out of four test periods in a sex pheromone-treated orchard; and always caught significantly greater numbers of females. Clear traps caught significantly more moths than white, red, and orange traps when baited with pear ester but not with PE-PH or acetic acid alone. Clear traps baited with acetic acid but not with pear ester, PE-PH, or when unbaited caught significantly more non-target moths than colored traps. These studies suggest that adopting the use of clear delta traps with their higher captures of female moths could significantly improve both monitoring and lure and kill strategies for managing codling moth. |
