Author
 |
Yokoyama, Victoria |
|
Submitted to: Entomology International Congress
Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 2/14/2008 Publication Date: 7/6/2008 Citation: Yokoyama, V.Y. 2008. Olive Fruit Fly, an Invasive Species in California, Mitigation by Cultural and Biological Control Based on Pest Biology. Entomology International Congress. p. 1040. Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Olive fruit fly (OLF), Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin), was first detected in California in 1998. Adults can live for 7 months and lay eggs at 12 d-old with a peak at 20 d. The larvae complete development in fruit 1cm in height. Hot and dry conditions can cause complete mortality of the immatures. Non-harvested fruit from the previous year was a source of infestation for the olive crop in the following year. Fruit in the green maturity stage and cultivars with high flesh content were found to be very susceptible. More adults were trapped in olive trees with irrigation water than without. Mature larvae that leave the fruit and adults that emerge from the pupae can travel over great distances on surfaces. A yellow panel trap, Pherocon ® AM, with ammonium bicarbonate baits and pheromone lures was determined to be a highly effective method to monitor adults with highest captures in September and October when the greatest number of pupae and adults were reared from fruit. Based on these findings recommended cultural control methods include orchard sanitation, monitoring after bloom, evaluation of control requirements when fruit is green and 1 cm in height, elimination of standing water, and reduction of bait sprays when field temperatures are high. A parasitoid, Psyttalia cf. concolor, was imported from the USDA-APHIS-PPQ, MOSCAMED, Guatemala and was highly adaptable to the climatic conditions where OLF is abundant, produced multiple generations in OLF, survived under the same weather conditions as the host, and reduced OLF up to 96%. |
