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Title: Emerging concepts regarding the integration of neuroendocrine signals that regulate gonadotropin secretion in domestic livestock

Author
item LENTS, CLAY - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item Barb, Claude

Submitted to: Journal of Animal Science Supplement
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/10/2007
Publication Date: 7/8/2007
Citation: Lents, C.A., Barb, C.R. 2007. Emerging concepts regarding the integration of neuroendocrine signals that regulate gonadotropin secretion in domestic livestock [abstract]. Journal of Animal Science Supplement. 85:(Suppl)1; p. 648.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The pulsatile discharge of GnRH from hypothalamic neurons is obligatory for the synthesis and release of the pituitary gonadotropins. Many conditions have been characterized that reduce gondadotropin secretion and result in anovulatory states which contribute to inefficiencies in livestock production. Nutrient intake, body energy reserves, suckling, and season are all major regulators of gonadotropin secretion in mammals. Lack of adequate gonadotropin secretion during the pre-pubertal and postpartum periods adversely impact the reproductive efficiency of domestic herds and flocks. Fundamental similarities between these sates are a lack of hypothalamic release of GnRH. Pituitary function remains intact. Identifying the hormonal and metabolic factors that mediate the central effects of these factors on the GnRH neuronal network in the brain has been an intensely studied area. The role for the peptide hormone kisspeptin as a major regulator of gonadotropin secretion has recently emerged. Recent reports have demonstrated a potential role of kisspeptin in regulating the onset of puberty as well as mediating metabolic and photoperiodic control of reproduction in rodents. In the pig and ewe kisspeptin appears to be a key neuropeptide in the regulation of LH secretion.