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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Washington, D.C. » National Arboretum » Floral and Nursery Plants Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #201621
Title: Bean Common Mosaic Virus and Bean Common Mosaic Necrosis Virus (Genus Potyvirus; Potyviridae)

Author
item Jordan, Ramon
item Hammond, John

Submitted to: Encyclopedia of Virology
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/12/2006
Publication Date: 7/16/2008
Citation: Jordan, R., Hammond, J. 2008. Bean common mosaic virus and bean common mosaic necrosis virus. Encyclopedia of Virology, 3rd Ed. (B.W.J. Mahy and M.H.V. Van Regenmortel, Eds). 1:288-295.

Interpretive Summary: Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) are viruses that infect various types of beans and other leguminous crops including cowpea, lupin, peanut and soybean. Both viruses cause diseases that result in significant losses around the world; the viruses are transmitted through seed from infected plants, and are also spread between plants in the field by aphids. This article for the Encyclopedia of Virology covers the taxonomy, physical properties, host range, transmission, detection, and host plant resistance of these two viruses. The encyclopedia article is intended to provide basic information about these two viruses, and to act as an introduction to the broader literature, for the benefit of students, teachers, researchers, and professionals seeking an authoritative source of information.

Technical Abstract: Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) are species within the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae and cause some of the most economically important diseases of legume crops worldwide. Both viruses occur essentially wherever bean and cowpea (including Phaseolus, Vicia, Vigna), lupin (Lupinus), pea (Pisum), peanut (Arachis), and soybean (Glycine) are grown; are transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent manner, and also seed-transmitted. Isolates of BCMV and BCMNV can be differentiated into ten pathotypes based on their reactions on differential bean cultivars. BCMV and BCMNV are typical potyviruses with non-enveloped flexuous virions, 12-15 nm wide and 847-886 nm (BCMV) or 810-818 nm (BCMNV) long. Virions are composed of one single-stranded RNA of c.9,600 nt for BCMNV and c.10,000 nt for BCMV, encapsulated in 1700-2000 subunits of a single coat protein species of c.30 kDa for BCMNV and c.33 kDa for BCMV. BCMV- and BCMNV-specific polyclonal antisera, monoclonal antibodies, and RT-PCR primers have been utilized to detect, differentiate and characterize these viruses in infected plants. BCMV and BCMNV can be eradicated by eliminating susceptible genotypes and planting only resistant varieties; “virus-tested” certified seed can be used as an effective means to control these two viruses.