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Title: Biological Stress Response Terminology: Integrating the Concepts of Adaptive Response and Preconditioning Stress Within a Hormetic Dose-Response Framework

Author
item CALABRESE, EDWARD - UNIV. OF MASSACHUSETTS
item BAILER, A. JOHN - MIAMI UNIVERSITY
item BACHMANN, KENNETH - UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO
item BOLGER, P. MICHAEL - U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMIN.
item BORAK, JONATHAN - YALE UNIVERSITY
item CAI, LU - UNIV. OF LOUISVILLE-MED.
item CEDERGREEN, NINA - ROYAL VET&AG UNIV-DENMARK
item CHIUEH, CHUANG - TAIPEI MED. UNIV.-TAIWAN
item CHERIAN, M. GEORGE - UNIV. OF WESTERN ONTARIO
item CLARKSON, THOMAS - UNIV. OF ROCHESTER
item COOK, RALPH - RRC CONSULTING, LLC
item DIAMOND, DAVID - UNIV. OF SOUTH FLORIDA
item DOOLITTLE, DAVID - RJR TOBACCO COMPANY
item DORATO, MICHAEL - ELI LILLY & COMPANY
item Duke, Stephen
item FEINENDEGEN, LUDWIG - HEINRICH-HEINE-UNIV-GRMNY
item GARDNER, DONALD - INHALATION TOXICOL. ASSOC
item HART, RONALD - US FOOD & DRUG ADMIN.
item HASTINGS, KENNETH - U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMIN
item HAYES, A - HARVARD UNIVERSITY
item HOFFMAN, GEORGE - COLLEGE OF HOLY CROSS
item JAWOROWSKI, ZBIGNIEW - CENTRAL LAB FOR RAD PROT
item JOHNSON, THOMAS - UNIV. OF COLORADO
item KELLER, JOHN - PROFESSIONAL CONSULT. SVC
item KLAUNIG, JAMES - INDIANA UNIV.-MED. SCHOOL
item KNUDSEN, THOMAS - UNIV. OF LOUISVILLE
item KOZUMBO, WALTER - AIR FORCE-OFFICE-SCI.RES.
item LETTIERI, TERESA - EUROPEAN COMM.-JOINT RES.
item LIU, SHU-ZHENG - NORMAN BETHUNE UNIV. MED.
item MAISSEU, ANDRE - WORLD CNCL-NUCLEAR WORKER
item MAYNARD, KENNETH - SANOFI-AVENTIS U.S. INC.
item MASORO, EDWARD - TEXAS TECH UNIV.-RETIRED
item MOTHERSIL, CARMEL - MCMASTER UNIVERSITY
item NEWLIN, DAVID - RTI INTERNATIONAL
item OEHME, FREDERICK - KANSAS STATE UNIV.
item PHALEN, ROBERT - UNIV. OF CA - IRVINE
item PHILBERT, MARTIN - UNIV. OF MI-PUBLIC HLTH.
item RATTAN, SURESH I.S. - UNIV. OF AAHUS-DENMARK
item RIVIERE, JIM - NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV
item RODRICKS, JOSEPH - ENVIRON INT. CORP.
item SAPOLSKY, ROBERT - STANFORD UNIV-MED SCHOOL
item SCOTT, BOBBY - LOVELACE RESP. RES. INST.
item SEYMOUR, COLIN - MCMASTER UNIVERSITY
item SMITH-SONNEBORN, JOAN - UNIV. OF WYOMING
item SNOW, ELIZABETH - DEAKIN UNIV.-AUSTRALIA
item SPEAR, LINDA - BINGHAMPTON UNIV.
item STEVENSON, DONALD - DERMIGEN CONSULTING GRP.
item THOMAS, YOLENE - INSTITUT ANDRE LWOFF-FRNC
item WILLIAMS, GARY - NEW YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE
item MATTSON, MARK - NATIONAL INST. ON AGING

Submitted to: Journal of Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/26/2007
Publication Date: 3/7/2007
Citation: Calabrese, E.J., Bailer, A., Bachmann, K.A., Bolger, P., Borak, J., Cai, L., Cedergreen, N., Chiueh, C.C., Cherian, M., Clarkson, T.W., Cook, R.R., Diamond, D.M., Doolittle, D.J., Dorato, M.A., Duke, S.O., Feinendegen, L., Gardner, D.E., Hart, R.W., Hastings, K.L., Hayes, A.W., Hoffman, G.R., Jaworowski, Z., Johnson, T.E., Keller, J.G., Klaunig, J.E., Knudsen, T.B., Kozumbo, W.J., Lettieri, T., Liu, S., Maisseu, A., Maynard, K., Masoro, E.J., Mothersil, C., Newlin, D.B., Oehme, F.W., Phalen, R.F., Philbert, M.A., Rattan, S., Riviere, J.E., Rodricks, J., Sapolsky, R.M., Scott, B.R., Seymour, C., Smith-Sonneborn, J., Snow, E.T., Spear, L., Stevenson, D.E., Thomas, Y., Williams, G.M., Mattson, M.P. 2007. Biological Stress Response Terminology: Integrating the Concepts of Adaptive Response and Preconditioning Stress Within a Hormetic Dose-Response Framework. Journal of Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 222:122-128.

Interpretive Summary: Hormesis is the stimulatory effect of a subtoxic level of a toxin. Terminology regarding this and related phenomena is not uniform, causing confusion. This paper, with authors from all areas of medicine, bioscience, and toxicology, provides a uniform terminology for hormesis and related phenomena.

Technical Abstract: Many biological subdisciplines that regularly assess dose-response relationships have identified an evolutionarily conserved process in which a low dose of a stressful stimulus activates an adaptive response that increases the resistance of the cell or organism to a moderate to severe level of stress. Due to a lack of frequent interaction among scientists in these many areas, there has emerged a broad range of terms that describe such dose-response relationships. This situation has become problematic because the different terms describe a family of similar biological responses (e.g., adaptive response, preconditioning, hormesis), adversely affecting interdisciplinary communication, and possibly even obscuring generalizable features and central biological concepts. With support from scientists in a broad range of disciplines, this article offers a set of recommendations we believe can achieve greater conceptual harmony in dose- response terminology, as well as better understanding and communication across the broad spectrum of biological disciplines.