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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Little Rock, Arkansas » Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #195516
Title: ANTIOXIDANT AND CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITORY PROPERTIES OF INDIVIDUAL FLAVONOIDS ISOLATED FROM BERRIES AND SPINACH

Author
item CHO, M - UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS
item HOWARD, L - UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS
item Prior, Ronald

Submitted to: Food Science Conference Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/21/2006
Publication Date: 6/23/2006
Citation: Cho, M.J., Howard, L., Prior, R.L. 2006. Antioxidant and cyclooxygenase inhibitory properties of individual flavonoids isolated from berries and spinach. Institute of Food Technology Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, June 24-28, 2006. Paper No. 054F-09.

Interpretive Summary: Dietary polyphenolics are potent antioxidants, and their consumption may provide benefits to human health. In addition, certain phytochemicals have shown to be effective in protecting against inflammatory processes. The objectives of these studies were to determine the antioxidant levels, and the ability of components in berries and spinach to inhibit metabolic pathways involved in the inflammatory process. Phenolic components isolated from berries and spinach all had significant antioxidant levels but effects differed on measures of the inflammatory process. It is clear that certain foods can inhibit inflammation, but studies of this nature are important to determine which might have more effect.

Technical Abstract: Dietary polyphenolics are potent antioxidants and their consumption may provide benefits to human health. In addition, certain phytochemicals have shown to be effective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, and may afford protection against inflammatory processes. The objectives were to determine the antioxidant capacities and COX-1 and -2 inhibitory properties of individual flavonoids isolated for berries and spinach, and compare them against commercial antioxidants and COX inhibitors. Flavonoids were purified using a solid phase microextraction (Oasis HLB sorbent) clean-up step followed by semi-preparative HPLC using a preparative Aqua C18 column, and fraction collector. Peroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging capacities were measured using the oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC) and photochemiluminescence (PCL) assays, respectively, and compared against vitamin C, Trolox, BHA and BHT. COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory properties were determined by measuring the oxygen consumption rate of enzyme and compared against Ibuprofen and Naproxen. Indomethacin was used as the positive control for the COX assay. Commercial drugs and flavonoids were tested at concentrations of 10 'M, and 100 'M, respectively. All monoglycoside and acylated anthocyanins, flavonol glycosides, and spinach flavonoids had much higher peroxyl radical scavenging capacity than vitamin C and BHT. Cyanidin 3-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside and quercetin had higher peroxyl radical scavenging capacity than BHA. All flavonoids showed the ability to scavenge superoxide anion radical, but only petunidin 3-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside and quercetin 3-glucoside had higher activity than BHA. Quercetin, cyanidin, and monoglucosides of delphinidin, malvidin and petunidin inhibited COX-1, but only quercetin and cyanidin showed COX-2 inhibition comparable to Ibupropen and Naproxen. Protocatechuic acid, a degradation product of cyanidin, had 27-fold higher ORAC value, but showed no COX-1 or COX-2 inhibition.