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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Little Rock, Arkansas » Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #180051
Title: ANTHOCYANINS (ACNS) WERE ABSORBED AND METABOLIZED DIFFERENTLY IN WEANLING PIGS AFTER FEEDING BLACK CURRANT (BC) OR CHOKEBERRY (CB)

Author
item WU, XIANLI - ACNC/UAMS
item PITTMAN, HOY - ACNC
item MCKAY, S - COOP EXT COLUMBIA CO
item Prior, Ronald

Submitted to: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/15/2005
Publication Date: 3/4/2005
Citation: Wu, X., Pittman, H.E., Mckay, S., Prior, R.L. 2005. Anthocyanins (acns) were absorbed and metabolized differently in weanling pigs after feeding black currant (bc) or chokeberry (cb). The FASEB Journal. 19(4):A415.

Interpretive Summary: Berries contain several different many molecular forms of anthocyanins, as well as different concentrations. It is important to have a good understanding of the types and levels of anthocyanins in berries and to know which of these are absorbed and how they are metabolized. These data will help determine which of these is most important in health effects. In this study, we fed black currents and chokeberrys to pigs and measure the anthocyanins in the urine at different times after the meal. We found different levels of these anthocyanins and their metabolites in the urine, suggesting that absorption and metabolism of anthocyanins varies with the type of anthocyanin.

Technical Abstract: Metabolism of ACNs in vivo was studied in weanling pigs fed BC (3.0g/kg BW; n=8) or CB (2.0 g/kg BW; n=6). There were 4 major ACNs in BC (delphinidin-3-glucoside, Dp-3Gle; delphinidin-3-rutinoside, Cy-3R; Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Cy-3Gle and cyanidin-3-rutinoside, Cy-3R) and four in CB (cyanidin-3-galactoside, Cy-3Gal; Cy-3G; Cy-3R and cyanidin-3-xyloside, Cy-3X). Urine was collected before and 0-2, 2-4h, 4-24h, after feeding, concentrated and analyzed by HPLC/MS/MS. All major parent ACNs (4 from BC and CB), and metabolites (7 from BC; 14 from CB) were identified in urine of pigs fed the respective berries. Methylation and glucuronidation were the two major pathways in the metabolism of ACNs in both BC and CB fed pigs. Dp ACNs were found to have lower recoveries compared to Cy ACNs and most of them were present in urine as their original form, whereas a high proporation of Cy ACNs in urine were in metabolized forms. Recoveries (% of dose) of rutinosides of Dp and Cy were higher than their relative glucosides in urine. In CB fed pig urine, concentrations of Cy-3-glucuronide were more than 2-fold higher than that of Cy-3Gle, suggesting that the formation of glucuronide was not directly from glucoside but that glucuronidation occurred following cleavage of the sugar from the aglycone. Different ACN aglycones and sugar moieties significantly influence the absorption/metabolism of ACNs in vivo.