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Title: GUT HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE AND RESISTANCE TO SALMONELLA CHALLENGE OF PROGENY FROM BREEDERS VACCINATED WITH KILLED ANTIGEN

Author
item ROLON, A - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item Bailey, Joseph
item Holt, Peter
item HOFACRE, C - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item WILSON, J - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA

Submitted to: Poultry Science
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/11/2005
Publication Date: 7/1/2005
Citation: Rolon, A., Bailey, J.S., Holt, P.S., Hofacre, C., Wilson, J.L. 2005. Gut humoral immune response and resistance to salmonella challenge of progeny from breeders vaccinated with killed antigen [abstract]. Poultry Science. 27:39.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Salmonella vaccination programs using killed bacterins in breeders and live auxotrophic-strain vaccines early in the life of their progeny have gained popularity in today’s poultry industry. In this study we evaluated the gut humoral immune response to a live auxotroph vaccine used on hatchlings with and without maternal antibody, and related this response to challenge with a blend of two antibiotic-resistant Salmonella marker strains. Forty week-old ISA Brown breeders from a Salmonella-free flock were vaccinated twice at a three week interval with commercially-prepared autogenous trivalent bacterin, serogroups B, C and D1, or a serovar Enteritidis bacterin. Half of the progeny were given a live auxotroph mutant vaccine (LiveST), by coarse spray on arrival to the brooding premises. On days 3, 13 and 34 of age, gut lavage samples were taken, and ELISAS for IgA and IgG measured. On the same days, another group of birds was challenged with a blend of antibiotic-resistant serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium strains. Cecal and composite heart-liver-spleen samples obtained 7 days post-challenge were cultured and colonies enumerated. Maternal IgG observed up to 13 days of age had no effect on subsequent LiveST-stimulated Ig production. No protective effect of maternal Ig was demonstrable, except when combined with LiveST given to the progeny. Killed vaccines to the breeders combined with a live vaccine to the progeny resulted in reduced invasiveness after challenge, as shown by a reduction in Liver-Heart-Spleen Salmonella counts. One dose of LiveST enhanced gut IgG up to 34 days when measured on Salmonella Typhimurium lipopolysaccharide(STLPS), but only to 13 days when measured on Salmonella Enteritidis lipopolysaccharide(SELPS), with titers decreasing with time. Increased IgA was observed only at 13 days. The LiveST vaccine decreased cecal and liver-heart-spleen composite counts at 3 and 13 but not 34 day challenges, indicating that a second dose might be necessary for prolonged protection. Results lead us to hypothesize that protection might be a combined effect of stimulus of cell-mediated gut immunity, and a competitive exclusion effect of the LiveST.