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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Pendleton, Oregon » Columbia Plateau Conservation Research Center » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #169333

Title: WHEAT STRAW MANAGEMENT AND ITS EFFECT ON WEED POPULATIONS, STAND ESTABLISHMENT AND YIELD IN DIRECT-SEED CHICKPEA

Author
item CORP, MARY - OREGON STATE UNIV
item BALL, DANIEL - OREGON STATE UNIV
item Siemens, Mark

Submitted to: Western Society of Weed Science Meeting Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/1/2004
Publication Date: 2/1/2004
Citation: Corp, M.K., Ball, D.A., Siemens, M.C. 2004. Wheat straw management and its effect on weed populations, stand establishment and yield in direct-seed chickpea. In Proc. 57th Western Society of Weed Science Meeting, 57:20.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Controlling weeds without tillage in no-till production of chickpeas is difficult. The objective of this research was to identify a method of managing wheat residue prior to no-till seeding of chickpea to provide effective weed control. The study was conducted near Adams, Oregon in 2003. Plots (30 ft X 100 ft) were established following wheat harvest using a split-block design with 4 replications. Fall residue management treatments included harrowing, stubble flailing, baling, rotary harrowing, using a mulch treader, and an undisturbed check. Imazethapyr at 0.047 lb ai/A was applied preplant over all main treatments in the spring. Spring treatments included harrowing, rotary harrowing, mulch treader, and an untreated check. Plots were seeded using single disc no-till plot drill. Metribuzin + glyphosate was applied at a rate of 0.25 + 0.375 lb ai/ac pre-emergence. Seedling stand counts, weed counts, and yield data were collected. Results of the study showed the five fall residue management methods gave significantly better Russian thistle control than leaving the residue undisturbed. Spring residue treatment had no effect on weed control. In residue management treatments where the entire residue was left on the soil surface, improvements in weed control were thought to be due to earlier germination of weeds caused by soil disturbance in the fall. In the baled treatments, superior stand establishment was thought to be responsible for out competing weeds. Although Russian thistle control was statistically equivalent in all five residue management methods, significantly higher yields (P=0.10) were obtained in the baled method. Skew tread management technique resulted in significantly lower yield (P=0.10) than the other methods including the undisturbed check.