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Results: 328 publication requests found. Cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions in the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus-infected lungs of genetically disparate Ri chicken lines Objective: The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) is a threat to the poultry industry as well as the economy and remains a potential source of pandemic infection in humans. Antiviral genes are considered a potential factor for HPAIV resistance. Therefore, in this study, we investigated ... Opportunities for the Progression of Farm Animal Welfare in China In the midst of a global coronavirus pandemic, following on the back of an animal agriculture industry severely impacted by animal disease epidemics such as African Swine Fever and H5N1 (Avian Influenza) – the time for rethinking paradigms, approaches and collaborations has come. As the world’s larg... Low-path avian influenza infection induces distinct gene expression responses in vivo and in vitro in diverse chicken lines Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a serious threat to poultry worldwide. Outbreaks of AIV can lead to dramatic losses for poultry producers; zoonotic infections also make AIV a human health risk. Strategies to improve chicken resistance to AIV are therefore needed. In vivo and in vitro characterizat... Low pathogenicity H7N3 avian influenza viruses have higher within-host genetic diversity than a closely related high pathogenicity H7N3 virus in infected turkeys and chickens Within-host viral diversity offers a view into the early stages of viral evolution occurring after a virus infects a host. In recent years, advances in deep sequencing have allowed for routine identification of low-frequency variants, which are important sources of viral genetic diversity and can po... Exosomes from H5N1 avian influenza virus-infected chickens regulate antiviral immune responses of chicken immune cells Exosomes (membrane-derived vesicles) enable intracellular communication by delivering lipids, proteins, DNA, and RNA from one cell to another. Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 causes considerable economic loss in the poultry industry and poses a public health concern. The host in... Optimizing sample collection methods for detection of respiratory viruses in poultry housing environments Viral respiratory diseases, such as avian influenza, Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis and infectious laryngotracheitis, have considerable negative economic implications for poultry. Ensuring the virus-free status of premises by environmental sampling after cleaning and disinfection is essent... Phylogenetic analysis, molecular changes, and adaptation to chickens of Mexican lineage H5N2 low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses from 1994 to 2019 The Mexican lineage H5N2 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) were first detected in 1994 and mutated to highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) in 1994-1995 causing widespread outbreaks in poultry. By using vaccination and other control measures, the HPAIVs were eradicated but... Influenza a pathway analysis of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) infection in genetically disparate Ri chicken lines Influenza A/H5N1 virus is a highly pathogenic (HPAIV) and contagious zoonotic virus that can be transmitted to humans. In the present study, infection with this virus and differential gene expression analyses were carried out with genetically resistant and susceptible Ri chicken lines that are nativ... The pathobiology of H7N3 low and high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses from the United States outbreak in 2020 differs between turkeys and chickens An outbreak caused by H7N3 low pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) occurred in commercial turkey farms in the states of North Carolina (NC) and South Carolina (SC), United States in March of 2020. Subsequently, H7N3 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) was detected on a turkey fa... Transmission dynamics of low pathogenicity avian influenza (H2N2) viruses in live bird markets of the Northeast United States of America, 2013-2019 Live bird market (LBM) surveillance was conducted in the Northeast United States (US) to monitor for the presence of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in domestic poultry and market environments. A total of 384 H2N2 low pathogenicity AIV (LPAIV) isolated from active surveillance efforts in the LBM syste... Age-associated changes in recombinant H5 highly pathogenic and low pathogenic avian influenza hemagglutinin tissue binding in domestic poultry species The 2014 outbreak of clade 2.3.4.4A highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) led to the culling of millions of commercial chickens and turkeys and death of various wild bird species. In this outbreak, older chickens and turkeys were commonly infected, and succumbed to clinical disease compared to yo... The pathogenicity and transmission of live bird market H2N2 avian influenza viruses in chickens, Pekin ducks, and guinea fowl H2N2 subtype low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) have persisted in live bird markets (LBMs) in the Northeastern United States since 2014. Although unrelated to the 1957 pandemic H2N2 lineage, there is concern that the virus could have animal and public health consequences because of high... Cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions in the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus-infected lungs of genetically disparate Ri chicken lines Objective: The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) is a threat to the poultry industry as well as the economy and remains a potential source of pandemic infection in humans. Antiviral genes are considered a potential factor for HPAIV resistance. Therefore, in this study, we investigated ... Experimental co-infection studies with respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma synoviae in chickens and turkeys Low pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) can produce mild to moderate upper respiratory disease in chickens that can be aggravated by other factors including other respiratory pathogens. Since commercial chickens are commonly exposed to other respiratory ... Multiple gene segments are associated with enhanced virulence of clade 2.3.4.4 H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in mallards Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses from the H5Nx Goose/Guangdong/96 lineage continue to cause outbreaks in domestic and wild bird populations. Two distinct genetic groups of H5N8 HPAI viruses, hemagglutinin (HA) clades 2.3.4.4A and 2.3.4.4B, caused intercontinental outbreaks in 2014 to... The spatial-temporal relationship of blue-winged teal to domestic poultry: Movement state modeling of a highly mobile avian influenza host 1. Migratory waterfowl facilitate long-distance dispersal of zoonotic pathogens and are increasingly recognized as contributing to the geographic spread of avian influenza viruses (AIV). Avian influenza viruses are globally distributed, produce highly contagious poultry disease, economically impact ... Low-pathogenicity influenza viruses replicate differently in laughing gulls and mallards Wild aquatic birds are natural reservoirs of low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs). Laughing gulls inoculated with four gull-origin LPAIVs (H7N3, H6N4, H3N8, and H2N3) had a predominate respiratory infection. By contrast, mallards inoculated with two mallard-origin LPAIVs (H5N6 and H4N8... Efficacy of two vaccines against recent emergent antigenic variants of Clade 2.3.2.1a highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in Bangladesh H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have caused outbreaks in poultry in Bangladesh since 2007. While clade 2.2.2 and 2.3.4.2 HPAIVs have not been detected since 2012, clade 2.3.2.1a viruses have caused continuous outbreaks since 2012 despite the use of vaccines. In this study, we... Efficacy of recombinant Marek’s disease virus vectored vaccines with computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) hemagglutinin insert against genetically diverse H5 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses The genetic and antigenic drift associated with the high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of Goose/Guangdong lineage and the emergence of vaccine-resistant field viruses underscores the need for a broadly protective H5 influenza A vaccine. Here, we tested experimental vector herpesvirus ... Estimating epidemiological parameters using diagnostic testing data from low pathogenicity avian influenza infected turkey houses Limiting spread of low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) during an outbreak is critical to reduce the negative impact on poultry producers and local economies. Mathematical models of disease transmission can support outbreak control efforts by estimating relevant epidemiological parameters. In th...