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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Stoneville, Mississippi » Crop Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #310127
Title: New soybean accessions evaluated for reaction to Heterodera glycines populations

Author
item Arelli, Prakash
item Mengistu, Alemu
item Nelson, Randall
item CIANZIO, SILVIA - Iowa State University
item VUONG, TRI - University Of Missouri

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/31/2014
Publication Date: 5/4/2015
Citation: Arelli, P.R., Mengistu, A., Nelson, R.L., Cianzio, S.R., Vuong, T. 2015. New soybean accessions evaluated for reaction to Heterodera glycines populations. Crop Science. 55:1236-1242.

Interpretive Summary: Soybean yields worldwide are limited by the Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), a microscopic size roundworm attaching the roots of the plant and absorbing the nutrition from the soybean plant. Resistant cultivars have been the most effective means of controlling the pest. Nematode populations are variable and over time will adapt to reproduce on resistant cultivars rendering once resistant cultivar a susceptible one. Therefore, breeding is a constant challenge for developing more durable resistance. It is important to identify new soybean lines with resistance to SCN as the first step to finding new genes/sources to provide long-term resistance. We have screened in the greenhouse in Jackson, TN during 2009-2013, 100 newly available soybean lines from the USDA soybean germplasm collection. These are newly introduced from overseas into USA and were not tested previously for their reaction to SCN. We have identified sixty-seven new soybean lines with various levels of nematode resistance in our testings. The resistant lines identified in this research may provide more durable resistance when used in breeding new soybean cultivars with nematode resistance. Soybean growers will be the ultimate beneficiaries and more profit and lower yield losses.

Technical Abstract: Soybean Cyst Nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a serious pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the USA and worldwide. Annual yield losses in the USA are estimated to be over $1 billion. These losses have remained stable with the use of resistant cultivars but over time nematodes will adapt to deployed resistance alleles. Currently used resistant cultivars use primarily three or four sources of resistance and major resistance genes are common among them. Soybean PI 88788 and its derived cultivars continue to be the primary source of SCN resistance. It is important to identify new accessions with resistance to SCN as the first step to finding new alleles to provide long- term resistance. We have bioassayed in the greenhouse 100 newly available accessions from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. We published methods to bioassay in the greenhouse including culturing of nematodes to develop near homogeneous populations for stable reactions on soybeans. Sixty-seven accessions with resistance reaction to race 2 and/or race 3 were identified and SCN resistance was confirmed in replicated multiple tests. Among them seventeen were yellow seeded. A female index was calculated based on an established method. Female index is the number of nematodes developed on a soybean plant expressed as the percentage of mean number of nematodes on standard susceptible soybean. This was used to determine the reaction of each accession for each nematode population. Data for tests for each nematode population was combined over tests for ANOVA of female indices by the Statistical Analysis System Software and Means were separated with Fisher’s LSD based on Significant F test.