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ARS Home » Plains Area » College Station, Texas » Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center » Food and Feed Safety Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #306643
Title: Characterization of quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana from chickens in China

Author
item LU, YAN - Beijing University Of Agriculture
item ZHAO, HONGYU - Chinese Academy Of Sciences
item LIU, YUQI - Beijing University Of Agriculture
item ZHOU, XUPING - Beijing University Of Agriculture
item WANG, JINYUAN - Liqiao Veterinary Station
item LIU, TIANTIAN - Liqiao Veterinary Station
item Beier, Ross
item HOU, XIAOLIN - Beijing University Of Agriculture

Submitted to: Poultry Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/31/2014
Publication Date: 2/19/2015
Publication URL: https://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/61368
Citation: Lu, Y., Zhao, H., Liu, Y., Zhou, X., Wang, J., Liu, T., Beier, R.C., Hou, X. 2015. Characterization of quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana from chickens in China. Poultry Science. 94:454-460.

Interpretive Summary: Salmonella is a serious pathogen that causes infectious diarrhea in humans and is the leading cause of bacterial food poisoning outbreaks and incidences. From 1994 to 2005 most food poisoning events in China were caused by Salmonella. A total of 130 Salmonella isolates were obtained from chicken farms (n = 52) and slaughterhouses (n = 78) in the Shandong Province of China, and were determined to be the strain Salmonella Indiana. Salmonella Indiana is a highly pathogenic strain, which can cause acute enteritis, diarrhea, and death, as well as large economic losses to the livestock and poultry industries. These S. Indiana isolates showed resistance to the antibiotics tested (1 quinolone and 3 fluoroquinolones). Also, these strains all contained the gyrA mutation and contained a high prevalence of the quinolone resistance determinant aac(6’)-Ib-cr. All of these isolated bacteria may have originated from the same source.

Technical Abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize the quinolone resistance of Salmonella Indiana isolated from chickens in China. A total of 130 Salmonella isolates were obtained from chicken farms and slaughterhouses in the Shandong Province of China. All isolate serotypes were tested according to the Kauffmann-White classification system and examined for susceptibility to the quinolones, nalidixic acid, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. The collected strains were Salmonella Indiana (chicken farms 52, slaughterhouses 78). The resistance of the strains from chicken farms and slaughterhouses to nalidixic acid, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were 100%, 73.1%, 71.2%, 82.7%, and 100%, 59.0%, 79.5%, 80.2%, respectively. The quinolone resistant strains were evaluated for mutations in the following genes (gyrA, gyrB, parC and marA) by DNA sequencing. The gyrA mutation was found in all isolates, the parC mutation was only found in certain isolates, and the gyrB and marA mutations were not observed. Quinolone resistance was evaluated in the representative isolates by screening for the quinolone resistance determinants, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qepA, and aac (6')-Ib-cr using PCR technology. The quinolone resistance determinants, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and qepA were negative by PCR, but the quinolone resistance determinant, aac(6')-Ib-cr, had high detection rates of 90.4% and 96.2% in chicken farms and slaughterhouses, respectively. Salmonella Indiana containing the gyrA mutation was prevalent in farms and slaughterhouses and possessed a high frequency of the quinolone resistance determinant aac(6’)-Ib-cr. These bacteria may have originated from the same source.