Author
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Holser, Ronald |
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Submitted to: International Poultry Scientific Forum
Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 11/5/2013 Publication Date: 1/27/2014 Citation: Holser, R.A. 2014. Analysis of phenolic compounds for poultry feed by supercritical fluid chromatography. International Poultry Scientific Forum [abstract]. Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Phenolic compounds have generated interest as components in functional feed formulations due to their anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-fungal properties. These compounds may have greater significance in the future as the routine use of antibiotics is reduced and the prevalence of resistant bacteria increases. Phenolic compounds occur in plants as secondary metabolites and may be recovered from biomass as a co-product during biofuel production. The rapid detection and quantitation of these natural compounds is needed to measure their purity both in plant extracts and in feed formulations. Current analytical techniques using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) rely on detection in the ultraviolet region, e. g., 280 nm, following gradient elution by HPLC. Resolution of several phenolic compounds from a plant extract can require complicated gradients with extended analysis times. Frequently, a reverse phase method is used with aqueous methanol or acetonitrile solvent systems. An alternative analytical approach to measure phenolic compounds was evaluated that uses compressed carbon dioxide to replace the traditional organic solvents, supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). SFC has proven useful for chromatographic separations where carbon dioxide can replace lipid solvents such as hexane. Mixtures of several common phenolic compounds, e. g., ferulic acid, coumaric acid, catechin, and epicatechin, were prepared and analyzed by SFC and conventional HPLC. The results obtained on an SFC system equipped with diode array and light scattering detectors (UPC2, Waters Corp., Milford, MA, USA) demonstrated separation of ferulic and coumaric acids in less than 3 minutes with separation of catechin and epicatechin in less than 5 minutes. Similar separations performed by HPLC required 15 minutes. The advantages of the SFC technique for the analysis of phenolic compounds include both speed and the possibility of replacing hazardous expensive organic solvents with non-hazardous, inexpensive, and renewable carbon dioxide. |
