Location: Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory
2024 Annual Report
Objectives
Objective 1: Determine the impact of species and roasting on composition of coffee and determine potential effects of coffee composition on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and bacteria-induced intestinal infection. [NP107, C3, PS3B, C4, PS4A].
Sub-Objective 1.A: To determine the impact of species and roasting on the composition of coffee.
Sub-Objective 1.B: To investigate the potential effects of coffee compounds and composition differences on bacteria-induced intestinal infection.
Sub-Objective 1.C: To investigate the potential effects of coffee with different compound compositions on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Objective 2. Determine the impact of genetics and growing conditions on composition of microgreens and whether the difference in microgreen composition affects NAFLD and bacteria-induced intestinal infection. [NP107, C3, PS3B, C4, PS4A].
Sub-Objective 2.A. To determine the effect of different species of microgreens on NAFLD and bacteria-induced intestinal infection.
Sub-Objective 2.B. To determine the effects of microgreens grown in different growing conditions on intestinal infection and development of NAFLD.
Approach
We propose to use coffee and Brassica microgreens as food models to address the Objectives. The hypotheses related to health end points will be tested using a rodent Cr infection model and a high-fat diet-induced None Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) to assess 1) whether differences in profiles of bioactive compounds arise from the impact of species/genetics and growing/processing conditions and 2) whether these differences lead to differential effects on intestinal infection and development of NAFLD. Molecular and pathological markers for infection, inflammation, lipid metabolism and NAFLD will be determined to assess the effcts of treatments. Metagenomics analysis will be used to elucidate the effects of diet on the gut micrbiome and correlation with health endpoints. Addtionally, trascriptomics, proteomics and metabolomicds analysis of tissues, plasma will be performed to elcucidate bioavailaility of specific nutrients and to provide in-depth detail of mechnisms of action exterted by coffee and microgreens.
Progress Report
This report is for a new NP107 project entitled " Impact of Genetics, Growing Condition or Processing on Bioactive Components in Coffee and Microgreens: Influences on Health". The Project was approved and initiated April 2024. The project utilized coffee and microgreens as model food/beverage to elucidate the effects of genetics, growing condition on bioactive components and impact of changes in components on health. This coming year, for Objective 1 we will investigate the amounts of javamide-I/-II in coffee beans (Arabica and Robusta) from 9 different countries (Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Nicaragua, Hawaii, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines, India) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and High-performance chemical isotope-labelling LC/MS methods. For Objective 2, we will grow and harvest various cruciferous vegetable microgreens from different growing conditions to be analyzed using HPLC and High-performance chemical isotope-labelling liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry LC/MS methods.
Accomplishments
Review Publications
Park, J.B. 2024. Methyl 2-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoylamino]-3-phenylpropanoate is a potent cell-permeable anti-cytokine compound to inhibit inflammatory cytokines in monocyte/macrophage-like cells. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 388(1):181-189. https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.123.001830.
Park, J.B., Peters, R.C., Pham, Q., Wang, T.T. 2024. Comparative compositional analysis of regular and decaf coffees by LC/MS and HPLC and potential effects on inflammatory Cytokines produced during bacterial infections. Food & Function. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsfoodscitech.3c00599.
Lee, E.Y., Liu, Z., Li, Y., Wang, T.T., Sun, J., Wu, X., Whent, M.M., Pehrsson, P.R., Zhang, Y., Gao, B., Yao, Y., Yu, L. 2023. The chemical constituents of parsley (petroselinum crispum) leaf extract and its potential in mitigating the effects of viral infections. ACS Food Science and Technology. 3(12):2108-2116. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsfoodscitech.3c00357.
Choe, U., Liu, Z., Li, Y., Sun, J., Wu, X., Pehrsson, P.R., Xie, Z., Zhang, Y., Wang, T.T., Yu, L., Gao, B. 2023. Chemical compositions of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) water and ethanol extracts and their potential in reducing the COVID-19 risk and free radical scavenging capacities. Food Chemistry. 3(10):1654–1662. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsfoodscitech.3c00206?urlappend=%3Fref%3DPDF&jav=VoR&rel=cite-as.
Wu, Y., Pham, Q., Wang, Y., Huang, H., Jiang, C., Yu, L., Li, R.W., Wang, J., Luo, Y., Wang, T.T. 2023. Red cabbage microgreens modulation of gut microbiota is associated with attenuation of diet-induced obesity risk factors in a mouse model. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3fo01249b.
Wu, Y., Xin, M., Pham, Q., Gao, Y., Huang, H., Jiang, X., Li, R.W., Yu, L., Luo, Y., Wang, J., Wang, T.T. 2023. Gut microbiome changes elicited by dietary red cabbage is associated with attenuation of high fat diet-related risk factors in a rodent diet-induced obesity model. Foods. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.1628.v1.
Wu, Y., Yu, X., Yu, L., Wang, J., Xin, M., Wang, T.T. 2023. Fabrication, performance, and potential environmental impacts of polysaccharide-based food packaging materials incorporated with phytochemicals: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 249:125922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125922.