Location: Children's Nutrition Research Center
Project Number: 3092-10700-068-020-S
Project Type: Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement
Start Date: Mar 31, 2019
End Date: Mar 31, 2024
Objective:
Objective 1: Removed due to investigator departure.
Objective 2: Examine the rural-urban differences in and associations between food security status, food availability, participation in Federal nutrition assistance programs, dietary intake, and obesity among children across the different age groups, i.e., 2-5 years, 6-11 years, 12-15 years and 16-18 years old.
Subobjective 2A: Examine the rural-urban differences in food security status (FSS) of children across the various age groups.
Subobjective 2B: Determine the association of FSS with food availability and participation in federal nutrition assistance programs (FNAP) among children, based on rural-urban residence.
Subobjective 2C: Determine the association of FSS with dietary intake and diet quality among children, based on rural-urban residence.
Subobjective 2D: Determine the association between FSS and weight status of children, based on rural-urban residence.
Objective 3: Determine the relationship between children’s physical activity, diet, sedentary behavior, and sleep, on summer weight gain in children and the impact of parenting on these behaviors using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Kindergarten 2011 Cohort, the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating study and others as appropriate.
Subobjective 3A: Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions for obesity prevention and treatment among school-age children targeting the summer months when children are not in school, and assessing their impact on BMI, PA, diet, sedentary behavior, and sleep.
Subobjective 3B: Determine the number and types of distinct categorical body mass index (BMI) percentile trajectories in a longitudinal early childhood cohort and examine whether children's physical activity (PA), diet, sedentary behavior, sleep timing, child care arrangements, and medication usage predict developmental trajectory membership in order to inform obesity prevention interventions.
Subobjective 3C: Examine the relationship between adolescents' BMI, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and diet during in-school and out-of-school times and the impact of parenting practices on these behaviors.
Approach:
Today, an estimated 16% of US children and adolescents are overweight and 17% are obese, and the prevalence continues to rise. Obesity is the result of energy imbalance, and dietary behaviors associated with overweight need to be examined. The long-term objective of this project is to better understand the impact of food security status, rural/urban differences, and seasonal differences in weight-related behaviors that influence obesity and other health risk factors in children, adolescents, and adults. Food insecurity is related to poor dietary behaviors that can lead to net positive energy balance and obesity. Thus, we aim to assess the impact of food security status on dietary intake and quality, food availability, participation in federal food assistance programs, and weight status based on rural/urban residence. Finally, we will examine other behavioral predictors of children’s weight gain (i.e., sleep, physical activity, sedentary behavior) using the school-summer paradigm. Together this research will facilitate a better understanding of how to behaviorally target interventions to prevent obesity during childhood.
