Research Project: Health Roles of Dietary Selenium in Obesity

Location: Dietary Prevention of Obesity-related Disease Research

Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon will take you to the publication reprint.)

Time-restricted feeding modifies the fecal lipidome and the gut microbiota - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Rust, B.M., Picklo, M.J., Yan, L., Mehus, A.A., Zeng, H. 2023. Time-restricted feeding modifies the fecal lipidome and the gut microbiota. Nutrients. 15(7):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15071562.

Selenium status and type 2 diabetes risk - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Huang, Y., Combs, G., Wu, T., Zeng, H., Cheng, W. 2022. Selenium status and type 2 diabetes risk. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2022.109400.

Deletion of PPARy in mesenchymal lineage cells protects against aging-induced cortical but not trabecular bone loss in mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Cao, J.J., Ding, K., Rosario, R., Su, Y., Lawrence, M., Hamrick, M., Isales, C., Shi, X. 2020. Deletion of PPARy in mesenchymal lineage cells protects against aging-induced cortical but not trabecular bone loss in mice. Journal of Gerontology Biological Science. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa049.

Advanced liver steatosis accompanies an increase in hepatic inflammation, colonic secondary bile acids and Lactobacillaceae/Lachnospiraceae bacteria in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zeng, H., Larson, K.J., Cheng, W., Bukowski, M.R., Safratowich, B.D., Liu, Z., Hakkak, R. 2020. Advanced liver steatosis accompanies an increase in hepatic inflammation, colonic secondary bile acids and lactobacillaceae/lachnospiraceae bacteria in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108336.

Adipose monocyte chemotactic protein–1 deficiency reduces high-fat diet-enhanced mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2019. Adipose monocyte chemotactic protein–1 deficiency reduces high-fat diet-enhanced mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108313.

Genetic ablation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha attenuates colonic Wnt-signaling associated with obesity - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Guo, C., Kim, S.J., Frederick, A., Li, J., Jin, Y., Zeng, H., Mason, J.B., Liu, Z. 2019. Genetic ablation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha attenuates colonic Wnt-signaling associated with obesity. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108302.

Dietary selenium supplementation does not attenuate mammary tumorigenesis-mediated bone loss in male MMTV-PyMT mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Nielsen, F., Sundaram, S., Cao, J.J. 2019. Dietary selenium supplementation does not attenuate mammary tumorigenesis-mediated bone loss in male MMTV-PyMT mice. Biological Trace Element Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01767-7.

Time-restricted feeding attenuates high-fat diet-enhanced spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S., Mehus, A.A., Picklo, M.J. 2019. Time-restricted feeding attenuates high-fat diet-enhanced spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Anticancer Research. https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.13280.

Adipose-specific monocyte chemotactic protein-1 deficiency reduces pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S. 2019. Adipose-specific monocyte chemotactic protein-1 deficiency reduces pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Anticancer Research. https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.13279.

Secondary bile acids and short chain fatty acids in the colon: a focus on colonic microbiome, cell proliferation, inflammation and cancer - (Review Article)
Zeng, H., Shahid, U., Rust, B., Darina, L., Michael, B. 2019. Secondary bile acids and short chain fatty acids in the colon: a focus on colonic microbiome, cell proliferation, inflammation and cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051214.

Time-restricted feeding mitigates high-fat diet-enhanced mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2018. Time-restricted feeding mitigates high-fat diet-enhanced mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice. Nutrition Research. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2018.07.014.

A high-sucrose diet does not enhance spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S. 2018. A high-sucrose diet does not enhance spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Nutrition Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2018.07.001.

Fecal fermentation products of common bean-derived fiber inhibit C/EBP alpha and PPAR gamma expression and lipid accumulation but stimulate PPAR delta and UCP2 expression in the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Lu, H., Zeng, H., Zhang, L., Porres, J.M., Cheng, W. 2018. Fecal fermentation products of common bean-derived fiber inhibit C/EBP alpha and PPAR gamma expression and lipid accumulation but stimulate PPAR delta and UCP2 expression in the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 60:9-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.06.004.

Beneficial and paradoxical roles of selenium at nutritional levels of intake in healthspan and longevity - (Review Article)
Zhang, L., Zeng, H., Cheng, W. 2018. Beneficial and paradoxical roles of selenium at nutritional levels of intake in healthspan and longevity. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.067.

Changes in body adiposity and its associated inflammation affect metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice - (Abstract Only)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S. 2017. Changes in body adiposity and its associated inflammation affect metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 31:435.6.

Aberrant crypt formation accompanies an increase of opportunistic pathogens/bacteria in the inflammatory gut of C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet - (Abstract Only)
Zeng, H., Ishaq, S.L., Liu, Z., Keehr, K.A., Bukowski, M.R. 2017. Aberrant crypt formation accompanies an increase of opportunistic pathogens/bacteria in the inflammatory gut of C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 31:435.5.

Effects of a-high- and low-diadzein diet on liver steatosis and serum adipokines in female obese Zucker rats - (Abstract Only)
Bell, A., Korourian, S., Zeng, H., Phelps, J., Crook, T., Gurley, B., Feresin, R.G., Hakka, R. 2017. Effects of a-high- and low-diadzein diet on liver steatosis and serum adipokines in female obese Zucker rats [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 31:793.1.

Colonic aberrant crypt formation accompanies an increase of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zeng, H., Ishaq, S.L., Liu, Z., Bukowski, M.R. 2017. Colonic aberrant crypt formation accompanies an increase of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.11.001.

Dietary supplementation with methylseleninic acid inhibits mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis in male MMTV-PyMT mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2017. Dietary supplementation with methylseleninic acid inhibits mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis in male MMTV-PyMT mice. Biological Trace Element Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1188-7.

Analyses of selenotranscriptomes and selenium concentrations in response to dietary selenium deficiency and age reveal common and distinct patterns by tissue and sex in telomere-dysfunctional mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Cao, L., Zeng, H., Wu, R.T., Wu, T., Cheng, W. 2017. Analyses of selenotranscriptomes and selenium concentrations in response to dietary selenium deficiency and age reveal common and distinct patterns by tissue and sex in telomere-dysfunctional mice. Journal of Nutrition. 147(10):1858-1866.

Voluntary running of defined distances reduces body adiposity and its associated inflammation in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S. 2017. Voluntary running of defined distances reduces body adiposity and its associated inflammation in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Applied Physiology, Nutrition & Metabolism. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0285.

A diet containing a high- versus low-daidzein level does not protect against liver steatosis in the obese Zucker rat model - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Bell, A., Korourian, S., Zeng, H., Phelps, J., Hakkak, R. 2017. A diet containing a high- versus low-daidzein level does not protect against liver steatosis in the obese Zucker rat model. Food & Function. 8(3):1293-1298.

High fat diet alters gut microbiota and the expression of Paneth cell-antimicrobial peptides preceding changes of circulating inflammatory cytokines - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Guo, Z., Li, J., Tang, T., Zeng, H., Wood, R., Liu, Z. 2017. High fat diet alters gut microbiota and the expression of Paneth cell-antimicrobial peptides preceding changes of circulating inflammatory cytokines. Mediators of Inflammation. doi:10.1155/2017/9474896.

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 attenuates and high-fat diet exacerbates bone loss in mice with pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Nielsen, F.H., Sundaram, S., Cao, J.J. 2017. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 attenuates and high-fat diet exacerbates bone loss in mice with pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma. Oncotarget. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.15055.

Butyrate inhibits cancerous HCT116 cell proliferation but to a lesser extent in noncancerous NCM460 colon cells - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zeng, H., Taussig, D., Cheng, W., Johnson, L., Hakkak, R. 2017. Butyrate inhibits cancerous HCT116 cell proliferation but to a lesser extent in noncancerous NCM460 colon cells. Nutrients. 9(1):25-38.

Effects of voluntary running with defined distances on body adiposity and its associated inflammation in mice fed a high-fat diet - (Abstract Only)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S. 2017. Effects of voluntary running with defined distances on body adiposity and its associated inflammation in mice fed a high-fat diet [abstract]. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. 31:794.7.

Mammary tumorigenesis causes bone loss and dietary selenium supplementation does not affect such bone loss in male MMTV-PyMT mice - (Abstract Only)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S. 2017. Mammary tumorigenesis causes bone loss and dietary selenium supplementation does not affect such bone loss in male MMTV-PyMT mice [abstract]. American Association of Cancer Research. 58:65.

Dietary supplementation with methylseleninic acid reduces male mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice - (Abstract Only)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2017. Dietary supplementation with methylseleninic acid reduces male mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice [abstract]. American Association of Cancer Research. 58:64.

High-fat diet enhances mammary tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis and alters inflammatory and angiogenic profiles in MMTV-PyMT mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2016. High-fat diet enhances mammary tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis and alters inflammatory and angiogenic profiles in MMTV-PyMT mice. Anticancer Research. 36(12):6279-6288.

Trifluoroselenomethionine: A new unnatural amino acid - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Block, E., Booker, S., Flores-Penalba, S., George, G., Landgraf, B., Li, F., Lodge, S.N., Pushie, J., Rozovsky, S., Vattekkatte, A., Yaghi, R., Zeng, H. 2016. Trifluoroselenomethionine: A new unnatural amino acid. ChemBioChem. 17(18):1738-1751.

Loss of selenium-binding protein 1 decreases sensitivity to clastogens and intracellular selenium content in HeLa cells - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zhai, C., Wu, R., Zeng, H., Cheng, W. 2016. Loss of selenium-binding protein 1 decreases sensitivity to clastogens and intracellular selenium content in HeLa cells. PLoS One. 11(7):e0158650. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.01586.

Colonic inflammation and enhanced-beta-catenin signaling accompany an increase of the Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae in the hind gut of high-fat diet-fed mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zeng, H., Ishaq, S.L., Zhao, F., Wright, A.G. 2016. Colonic inflammation and enhanced-beta-catenin signaling accompany an increase of the Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae in the hind gut of high-fat diet-fed mice. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. (35)30-36.

High-fat diet enhances and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 deficiency reduces bone loss in mice with pulmonary metastases of Lewis lung carcinoma - (Abstract Only)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2016. High-fat diet enhances and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 deficiency reduces bone loss in mice with pulmonary metastases of Lewis lung carcinoma [abstract]. 2016 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Cancer Research, New Orleans, Louisiana, April 16-20, 2016. 76(14):4325.

Dietary energy restriction reduces high-fat diet-enhanced metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2016. Dietary energy restriction reduces high-fat diet-enhanced metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. Oncotarget. 7:65669-65675. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.11598.

Pulicaria jaubertii E. Gamal-Eldin reduces triacylglyceride content and modifies cellular antioxidant pathways in 3T3-L1 adipocytes - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Al-Naqeb, G., Rousova, J., Kubatova, A., Picklo, M.J. 2016. Pulicaria jaubertii E. Gamal-Eldin reduces triacylglyceride content and modifies cellular antioxidant pathways in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Chemico-Biological Interactions. 253:48-59.

Effect of irrigation, intercrop and cultivar on agronomic and nutritional characteristics of quinoa - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Walters, H., Carpenter-Boggs, L., Desta, K., Yan, L., Matanguihan, J., Murphy, K. 2016. Effect of irrigation, intercrop and cultivar on agronomic and nutritional characteristics of quinoa. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems. 40(8):783-803.

Novel correlations between microbial taxa and amino acid metabolites in mouse cecal contents - (Abstract Only)
Taussig, D.P., Jackson, M., Zeng, H., Combs, Jr., G.F. 2016. Novel correlations between microbial taxa and amino acid metabolites in mouse cecal contents [abstract]. Keystone Symposia: Microbiota, Metabollic Disorders and Beyond, April 17-21, 2016, Newport, Rhode Island. p 75.

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 deficiency reduces spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice fed a high-fat diet - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S. 2016. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 deficiency reduces spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice fed a high-fat diet. Oncotarget. 7(17):24792-24799.

Time-restricted feeding reduces adiposity in mice fed a high-fat diet - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2016. Time-restricted feeding reduces adiposity in mice fed a high-fat diet. Nutrition Research. 36(6):603-611.

Status of selenium in cancer prevention - (Book / Chapter)
Combs, Jr., G.F., Yan, L. 2016. Status of selenium in cancer prevention. In: Hatfield, D.L., Berry, M.J., Gladyshev, V.N., editors. Selenium: Its Molecular Biology and Role in Human Health. Edition 4. New York, New York. Springer-Verlag. p. 321-332. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-41283-2.

Restricted feeding of a high-fat diet reduces spontaneous metastases of Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6 mice - (Abstract Only)
Yan, L., Sundaram, S. 2016. Restricted feeding of a high-fat diet reduces spontaneous metastases of Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6 mice [abstract]. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference, April 1-6, 2016, San Diego, California. 30:1167.10.

Time-restricted feeding of a high-fat diet reduces adiposity and inflammatory cytokine production in mice - (Abstract Only)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2016. Time-restricted feeding of a high-fat diet reduces adiposity and inflammatory cytokine production in mice [abstract]. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference, April 1-6, 2016, San Diego, California. 30:915.31.

Butyrate plays differential roles in cellular signaling in cancerous HCT116 and noncancerous NCM460 colon cells - (Abstract Only)
Zeng, H., Taussig, D.P., Cheng, W., Hakkak, R. 2016. Butyrate plays differential roles in cellular signaling in cancerous HCT116 and noncancerous NCM460 colon cells [abstract]. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference, April 1-6, 2016, San Diego, California. 30:688.9.

Colonic inflammation and enhanced-beta-catenin signaling accompany an increase of the Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae in the hind gut of high-fat diet-fed mice - (Abstract Only)
Zeng, H., Ishaq, S.L., Zhao, F., Wright, A.G. 2016. Colonic inflammation and enhanced-beta-catenin signaling accompany an increase of the Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae in the hind gut of high-fat diet-fed mice [abstract]. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference, April 1-6, 2016, San Diego, California. 30:1166.4.

Climatic thresholds for concentrations of minerals and heavy metals in Argentinean soybeans - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Marioli Nobile, C.G., Balzarini, M., Aguate, F.M., Grosso, N., Soldini, D.O., Zeng, H., Cheng, W., Martinez, M. 2016. Climatic thresholds for concentrations of minerals and heavy metals in Argentinean soybeans. Agronomy Journal. 108(2):532-539.

High-fat diets containing different amounts of n-3 polyunsaturated acids modulate adipokine production in mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sundaram, S., Bukowski, M.R., Lie, W., Picklo, M.J., Yan, L. 2016. High-fat diets containing different amounts of n-3 polyunsaturated acids modulate adipokine production in mice. Lipids. 51(5):571-582.

Integrating multiple analytical datasets to compare metabolite profiles of mouse colonic-cecal contents and feces - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zeng, H., Grapov, D., Fahrmann, J., Fiehn, O., Combs, G.F. 2015. Integrating multiple analytical datasets to compare metabolite profiles of mouse colonic-cecal contents and feces. Metabolites. 5:489-501.

Plasma selenium concentrations are sufficient and associated with protease inhibitor use in treated HIV-infected adults - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Hileman, C.O., Dirajlal-Fargo, S., Lam, S., Kumar, J., Combs, G.F., Lacher, C.P., Mccomsey, G.A. 2015. Plasma selenium concentrations are sufficient and associated with protease inhibitor use in treated HIV-infected adults. Journal of Nutrition. Available: doi: 10.3945/jn.115.214577.

Directions in nutritional assessment: Biomarkers and bio-indicators - providing clarity in the face of complexity - (Review Article)
Raiten, D.J., Combs, G.F. 2015. Directions in nutritional assessment: Biomarkers and bio-indicators - providing clarity in the face of complexity. Sight and Life. 29(1):39-44.

High-fat diet enhances and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency attenuates bone loss in mice with Lewis Lung carcinoma - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Nielsen, F.H., Sundaram, S., Cao, J.J. 2015. High-fat diet enhances and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency attenuates bone loss in mice with Lewis Lung carcinoma. Anticancer Research. 35(7):3839-3847.

Effects of high-fat diets composed of different oils on adipokine production in mice - (Abstract Only)
Sundaram, S., Bukowski, M.R., Picklo, M.J., Yan, L. 2015. Effects of high-fat diets composed of different oils on adipokine production in mice. Workshop Proceedings. 27.

Time-restricted feeding of a high-fat diet reduces diet-induced obesity - (Abstract Only)
Sundaram, S., Yan, L. 2015. Time-restricted feeding of a high-fat diet reduces diet-induced obesity [abstract]. Canadian Nutrition Society, Lipid Nutrition and Metabolism in Human Health Workshop Proceedings. 28.

Butyrate and deoxycholic acid play common and distinct roles in HCT116 human colon cell proliferation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Zeng, H., Claycombe, K.J., Reindl, K.M. 2015. Butyrate and deoxycholic acid play common and distinct roles in HCT116 human colon cell proliferation. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 26:1022-1028.

Soy protein is beneficial but high-fat diet and voluntary running are detrimental to bone structure in mice - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yan, L., Graef, G.L., Nielsen, F.H., Johnson, L.K., Cao, J.J. 2015. Soy protein is beneficial but high-fat diet and voluntary running are detrimental to bone structure in mice. Nutrition Research. 35(6):523-531.

Biomarkers of selenium status - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Combs, G.F. 2015. Biomarkers of selenium status. Nutrients. 7:2209-2236.

Integrated datasets characterize metabolic interactions between mouse’s colonic mucosa, colonic-cecal contents and feces - (Abstract Only)
Zeng, H., Grapov, D., Jackson, M.I., Fahrmann, J., Fiehn, O., Combs, G.F. 2015. Integrated datasets characterize metabolic interactions between mouse’s colonic mucosa, colonic-cecal contents and feces [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 29:748.7.

Butyrate and deoxycholic acid play common and distinct roles in HCT116 human colon cell proliferation - (Abstract Only)
Zeng, H., Claycombe, K.J., Reindl, K.M. 2015. Butyrate and deoxycholic acid play common and distinct roles in HCT116 human colon cell proliferation [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 29:752.4.

Adipokine production in mice fed high-fat diets containing different types of dietary fats - (Abstract Only)
Yan, L., Wen-Rong 2015. Adipokine production in mice fed high-fat diets containing different types of dietary fats [abstract]. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Conference. 29:598.2.

Transient decrements in mood during energy deficit are independent of dietary protein-to-carbohydrate ratio - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Karl, J., Thompson, L.A., Niro, P.J., Margolis, L.M., Mcclung, J.P., Cao, J.J., Whigham Grendell, L.D., Combs, G.F., Young, A.J., Liberman, H.R., Pasiakos, S.M. 2014. Transient decrements in mood during energy deficit are independent of dietary protein-to-carbohydrate ratio. Physiology and Behavior. 139:524–531.

Conditional effect of selenium on the mammalian hind gut microbiota - (Abstract Only)
Taussig, D.P., Combs, G.F. 2015. Conditional effect of selenium on the mammalian hind gut microbiota [abstract]. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 29:759.2.