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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania » Eastern Regional Research Center » Food Safety and Intervention Technologies Research » People & Locations » Christopher Sommers
Christopher H Sommers
Food Safety and Intervention Technologies Research
Lead Scientist

Phone: (215) 233-6583
Fax: (215) 233-6406
Room 3004

600 E MERMAID LN
ERRC
WYNDMOOR, PA 190388598

Publications (Clicking on the reprint icon Reprint Icon will take you to the publication reprint.)
Modeling the inactivation of salmonella and listeria monocytogenes in ground chicken meat subject to high pressure processing and trans-Cinnamaldehyde - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Modeling the Effect of Simultaneous Use of Allyl Isothiocyanate and Cinnamaldehyde on High Hydrostatic Pressure Inactivation of Uropathogenic and Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coli in Ground Chicken Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chuang, S., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, L. 2020. Modeling the Effect of Simultaneous Use of Allyl Isothiocyanate and Cinnamaldehyde on High Hydrostatic Pressure Inactivation of Uropathogenic and Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coli in Ground Chicken. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. https://doi.org//10.1002/jsfa.10731.
The influence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance on the inactivation of extraintestinal pathogenic E.coli suspended in ground chicken meat by high pressure processing Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Scullen, O.J., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H. 2020. The influence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance on the inactivation of extraintestinal pathogenic E.coli suspended in ground chicken meat by high pressure processing. Food Control. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.107070.
Draft genomic sequence of three Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 isolates (H45, H43ii, and H43iii) from patients in Lagos, Nigeria Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Yang, Y., Sommers, C.H., Adenipkun, E., Ceruso, M., Jackson, C.R., Woodley, T.A., Barrett, J.B., Hiott, L.M., Liu, Y., Frye, J.G. 2020. Draft genomic sequence of three Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 isolates (H45, H43ii, and H43iii) from patients in Lagos, Nigeria. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 9:17. https://doi.org/10.1128//mra.asm
Draft genome sequence of red heat-causing halomonas eurihalina MS1, a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from saline soil in alicante, spain Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Hussain, S.A., Xu, A., Sommers, C.H., Sarker, M.I. 2020. Draft genome sequence of red heat-causing halomonas eurihalina MS1, a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from saline soil in Alicante, Spain. Microbiology Resource Announcements. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01426-19.
Survival evaluation for salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes in ground chicken meat subject to high hydrostatic pressure and carvacrol using selective and nonselective media Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chuang, S., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H., Zhou, S., Sheen, L. 2020. Survival evaluation for salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes in ground chicken meat subject to high hydrostatic pressure and carvacrol using selective and nonselective media. Journal of Food Protection. 83(1):37-44. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-19-075.
Inactivation of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli clinical and food isolates suspended in ground chicken meat by gamma radiation Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Scullen, O.J., Sheen, S., Johnson, J., Sommers, C.H. 2019. Inactivation of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli clinical and food isolates suspended in ground chicken meat by gamma radiation. Food Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.103264.
Draft genomic sequence of Campylobacter coli isolated from chicken carcasses Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Abdul Wakeel, A.Y., Gunther, N.W., Sommers, C.H. 2019. Draft genomic sequence of Campylobacter coli isolated from chicken carcasses. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 8(28):e00564-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00564-19.
Draft genomic sequence of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella peneumoniae B8S35, isolated from retail chicken skin Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Mackay, W., Sommers, C.H. 2019. Draft genomic sequence of multi-drug resistant Klebsiella peneumoniae B8S35, isolated from retail chicken skin. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 8(28):e00502-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00502-19.
Thermal inactivation kinetics of extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli suspended in ground chicken meat Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Johnson, J., Scullen, O.J., Chuang, S., Sheen, L., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H. 2019. Thermal inactivation kinetics of extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli suspended in ground chicken meat. Food Control. 104:269-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.05.001.
Modeling the Inactivation of Escherichia coli 0157:H7, uropathogenic E. coli and Salmonella in ground chicken meat subject to hydrostatic pressure, Allyl Isothiocyanate and trans-Cinnamaldehyde stresses - (Abstract Only)
Chuang, S., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, L. 2019. Modeling the Inactivation of Escherichia coli 0157:H7, uropathogenic E. coli and Salmonella in ground chicken meat subject to hydrostatic pressure, Allyl Isothiocyanate and trans-Cinnamaldehyde stresses. Meeting Abstract, Volume 1, Page 1,IFT Annual Meeting,New Orleans, LA,July 2-5, 2019.
The evaluation of gamma irradiation and cold storage for the reduction of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken livers Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Gunther, N.W., Abdul Wakeel, A.Y., Scullen, O.J., Sommers, C.H. 2019. The evaluation of gamma irradiation and cold storage for the reduction of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken livers. Food Microbiology. 82:249-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.02.014.
Draft genomic sequence of Escherichia coli ST131 B7S75 isolated from retail chicken skin Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Mackay, W., Scullen, O.J., Ramos, R.V., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H. 2019. Draft genomic sequence of Escherichia coli ST131 B7S75 isolated from retail chicken skin. Microbiology Resource Announcements. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01533-18.
Effects of combined treatments of high pressure processing, single-and multi-antimicrobial (Melissa officinalis extract)on the reduction of pathogenic Escherichia coli in ground beef Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chien, S., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, L. 2018. Effects of combined treatments of high pressure processing, single-and multi-antimicrobial (Melissa officinalis extract)on the reduction of pathogenic Escherichia coli in ground beef. Food and Bioprocess Technology. 12:359-370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-018-2211-5.
Draft whole genome sequence of seven L. monocytogenes strains with variation in virulence and stress responses Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Liu, Y., Xu, A., Fratamico, P.M., Sommers, C.H., Rotundo, L., Boccia, F., Jiang, Y., Ward, T.J. 2018. Draft whole genome sequence of seven L. monocytogenes strains with variation in virulence and stress responses. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 7(13). https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01038-18.
Draft genome sequences of seven strains of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O111 with variation in their sensitivity to novobiocin Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Rotundo, L., Boccia, F., Fratamico, P.M., Xu, A., Sommers, C.H., Liu, Y., Bono, J.L., Pepe, T. 2018. Draft genome sequences of seven strains of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O111 with variation in their sensitivity to novobiocin. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 7(10). https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01030-18.
Modeling the survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 under hydrostatic pressure, process temperature, time and allyl isothiocyanate stresses in ground chicken Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Huang, C., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, L. 2018. Modeling the survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 under hydrostatic pressure, process temperature, time and allyl isothiocyanate stresses in ground chicken. Frontiers in Microbiology. Volume 9, Article 1871: 1-11. 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01871.
Draft genome sequences of nine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from retail chicken skin Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Tilman, S., Wisser-Parker, K., Scullen, O.J., Sommers, C.H. 2018. Draft genome sequences of nine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from retail chicken skin. Genome Announcements. Volume 7: Issue 7 e00859-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00859-18.
Draft genomic sequencing of six potential extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from retail chicken meat Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Johnson, J., Sheen, S., Needleman, D.S., Sommers, C.H. 2018. Draft genomic sequencing of six potential extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from retail chicken meat. Genome Announcements. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00449-18.
Lethality modeling for Escherichia coli 0157:H7 impacted by hydrostatic pressure, process temperature, time and allyl isothiocyanate in ground chicken - (Abstract Only)
Sheen, S., Huang, C., Sommers, C.H. 2018. Lethality modeling for Escherichia coli 0157:H7 impacted by hydrostatic pressure, process temperature, time and allyl isothiocyanate in ground chicken. Annual Meeting of the Institute of Food Technologists. Volume 1: Page 1, Chicago, IL., July 15-18, 2018
Draft genome sequences of six neonatal meningitis-causing escherichia coli isolates (SP-4, SP-5, SP-13, SP-16, SP-46, and SP-65) Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Johnson, J., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H. 2018. Draft genome sequences of six neonatal meningitis-causing escherichia coli isolates (SP-4, SP-5, SP-13, SP-16, SP-46, and SP-65). Genome Announcements. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA00091-18.
Draft genome sequences of four uropathogenic escherichia coli 04:H5 isolates (ATCC 700414,700415,700416 and 700417) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Xu, A., Hertrich, S.M., Needleman, D.S., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H. 2018. Draft genome sequences of four uropathogenic escherichia coli 04:H5 isolates (ATCC 700414,700415,700416 and 700417). Genome Announcements. 6(11):e00134-18.
Lethality prediction for Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Uropathogenic E. coli in ground chicken treated with high pressure processing and trans-cinnamaldehyde - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sheen, S., Huang, C., Ramos, R.V., Chien, S., Scullen, O.J., Sommers, C.H. 2018. Lethality prediction for Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Uropathogenic E. coli in ground chicken treated with high pressure processing and trans-cinnamaldehyde. Journal of Food Science. 83(3):740-749.
Growth modeling of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in ground chicken meat - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Huang, C., Sheen, L., Sheen, S., Huang, L. 2018. Growth modeling of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in ground chicken meat. Food Control. 86:397-402.
Control of extraintestinal foodborne pathogens using intervention technologies - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H., Sheen, S., Niemira, B.A. 2017. Control of extraintestinal foodborne pathogens using intervention technologies. Meeting Abstract. Volume 1, Page 1. ARS/FSIS Food Safety Workshop. Shepherdstown, WV., February 21-24, 2017.
Inactivation of foodborne pathogens in chicken purge or skin using a 405-nm LED array - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Gunther, N.W., Sheen, S. 2016. Inactivation of foodborne pathogens in chicken purge or skin using a 405-nm LED array. Food Microbiology. 64:135-138.
Inactivation of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in chicken meat and exudate using high pressure processing, gamma radiation, and ultraviolet light - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Scullen, O.J., Mackay, W. 2016. Inactivation of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in chicken meat and exudate using high pressure processing, gamma radiation, and ultraviolet light. Food Control. 75:78-82.
Modeling the inactivatin of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and uropathogenic E. coli in ground beef by high pressure processing and citral - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chien, S., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, L. 2016. Modeling the inactivatin of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and uropathogenic E. coli in ground beef by high pressure processing and citral. Food Control. 73:672-680.
Modeling the inactivation of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and uropathogenic E.coli in ground chicken by high pressure processing and thymol - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Chien, S., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, L. 2016. Modeling the inactivation of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and uropathogenic E.coli in ground chicken by high pressure processing and thymol. Frontiers in Microbiology. 7(920):1-11.
The role of extraintestinal foodborne pathogens in human illness - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2016. The role of extraintestinal foodborne pathogens in human illness. Meeting Abstract. Volume 1: Page 1; CIRMS; Gaithersburg, MD 4/18 - 4/20/16.
The role of extraintestinal foodborne pathogens in human illness - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2016. The role of extraintestinal foodborne pathogens in human illness. Meeting Abstract. Volume 1: Page 1: Edinboro University of Pennsylvania.4/21/16.
Radiation resistance of non-0157:H7 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli suspended in refrigerated catfish fillet meat - (Abstract Only)
Inactivation of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in ground chicken meat using high pressure processing and gamma radiation, and in purge and chicken meat surfaces by ultraviolet light - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Scullen, O.J., Sheen, S. 2016. Inactivation of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in ground chicken meat using high pressure processing and gamma radiation, and in purge and chicken meat surfaces by ultraviolet light. Frontiers in Microbiology. 7(413):1-6.
The effects of 405-nm visible light on the survival of Campylobacter on chicken skin and stainless steel - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Gunther, N.W., Phillips, J.G., Sommers, C.H. 2016. The effects of 405-nm visible light on the survival of Campylobacter on chicken skin and stainless steel. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 13(5):245-250.
Inactivation of a diverse set of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in ground beef by high pressure processing - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sheen, S., Cassidy, J.M., Scullen, O.J., Sommers, C.H. 2015. Inactivation of a diverse set of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in ground beef by high pressure processing. Food Microbiology. 52:84-87.
The effects of high pressure treatments on C. jejuni in ground poultry products containing polyphosphate additives - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Gunther, N.W., Sites, J.E., Sommers, C.H. 2015. The effects of high pressure treatments on C. jejuni in ground poultry products containing polyphosphate additives. Journal of Food Protection. 94(9):2297-2302.
Inactivation of Salmonella spp. in ground chicken using High Pressure Processing - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sheen, S., Cassidy, J.M., Scullen, O.J., Uknalis, J., Sommers, C.H. 2015. Inactivation of Salmonella spp. in ground chicken using High Pressure Processing. Food Control. 57:41-47.
Inactivation of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in lean ground beef by gamma irradiation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Rajkowski, K.T., Scullen, O.J., Cassidy, J.M., Fratamico, P.M., Sheen, S. 2015. Inactivation of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in lean ground beef by gamma irradiation. Food Microbiology. DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.02/013.
Inactivation of avirulent Yersinia pestis on food and food contact surfaces by ultraviolet light and freezing - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Sheen, S. 2015. Inactivation of avirulent Yersinia pestis on food and food contact surfaces by ultraviolet light and freezing. Food Microbiology. DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.02.008.
Effect of high pressure impact on the survival of Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia coli ('Big Six' and 0157) in ground beef - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Hsu, H., Sheen, S., Sites, J.E., Cassidy, J.M., Scullen, B.J., Sommers, C.H. 2014. Effect of high pressure impact on the survival of Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia coli ('Big Six' and 0157) in ground beef. Food Microbiology. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2014.12.002.
Survival of Campylobacter species after cryogenic freezing in ground turkey patties treated with polyphosphates - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Survival and growth parameters of Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Salmonella Spp. and Listeria monocytogenes on cantaloupe fresh-cut pieces during storage - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Ukuku, D.O., Huang, L., Sommers, C.H. 2014. Survival and growth parameters of Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Salmonella Spp. and Listeria monocytogenes on cantaloupe fresh-cut pieces during storage. Journal of Food Protection. 78:1288-1295.
Inactivation of avirulent pgm+ and delta pgm Yersinia pestis by ultraviolet light (UV-C) Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Paoli, G., Sommers, C.H., Scullen, O.J., Wijey, C. 2014. Inactivation of avirulent pgm+ and delta pgm Yersinia pestis by ultraviolet light (UV-C). Food Microbiology. DOI:10.1016/j.fm.2014.06.002.
Detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7, O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145, and Salmonella in retail raw ground beef using the DuPont BAX system - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Wasilenko, J.L., Fratamico, P.M., Sommers, C.H., Demarco, D., Varkey, S., Rhoden, K., Tice, G. 2014. Detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7, STEC Serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145, and Salmonella in Naturally-Contaminated Ground Beef Using the BAX System-Based PCR kits. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00081.
Radiation resistance and loss of crystal violet binding activity in Y. enterolitica suspended in raw ground pork exposed to gamma radiation and modified atmosphere Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Bhaduri, S., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H. 2014. Radiation resistance and loss of crystal violet binding activity in Y. enterolitica suspended in raw ground pork exposed to gamma radiation and modified atmosphere. Journal of Food Science. 79:911-916.
Antimicrobial films and coatings for inactivation of Listeria innocua on ready-to-eat deli turkey meat Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Guo, M., Jin, Z.T., Wang, L., Scullen, B.J., Sommers, C.H. 2013. Antimicrobial films and coatings for inactivation of Listeria innocua on ready-to-eat deli turkey meat. Food Control. 40:64-70.
Gamma radiation inactivation of non-0157:H7 shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli in foods - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H., Scullen, B.J., Hwang, C. 2013. Gamma radiation inactivation of non-0157:H7 shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli in foods. Meeting Abstract. IAFP Annual Meeting, Charlotte, NC.,7/28 to 7/31/2013. P1(1).
Thermal inactivation of non-0157:H7 shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in catfish fillets - (Abstract Only)
Khosravi, P., Silva, J., Sheen, S., Sommers, C.H., Gurtler, J. 2013. Thermal inactivation of non-0157:H7 shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in catfish fillets. Meeting Abstract. IAFP Annual Meeting, Charlotte, NC., July 28-31,2013. Volume 1, Page 1..
Prospects for biocontrol of foodborne pathogens on leafy greens with Pseudomonas fluorescens - (Abstract Only)
Olanya, O.M., Niemira, B.A., Ukuku, D.O., Annous, B.A., Sommers, C.H. 2013. Prospects for biocontrol of foodborne pathogens on leafy greens with Pseudomonas fluorescens. The 2nd International Conference and Exhibition on Nutritional Science. Abstract. 3(4):69.
Thermal inactivation of non-0157:H7 Shigatoxin producing Escherichia coli(STEC) on catfish fillets - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Khosravi, P., Silva, J., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, S. 2013. Thermal inactivation of non-0157:H7 Shigatoxin producing Escherichia coli(STEC) on catfish fillets. Journal of Food Processing and Technology. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7110-S11-006.
Alternative food safety intervention technologies: flash pasteurization of finfish - (Proceedings)
Sommers, C.H., Rajkowski, K.T., Geveke, D.J., Bigley Jr, A.B., Scullen, B.J. 2013. Alternative food safety intervention technologies: flash pasteurization of finfish. Meeting Proceedings. 1:1.
Effects of antimicrobial coatings and cryogenic freezing on survival and growth of Listeria innocua on frozen ready-to-eat shrimp during thawing Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Guo, M., Scullen, O.J., Sommers, C.H., Jin, Z.T. 2013. Effects of antimicrobial coatings and cryogenic freezing on survival and growth of Listeria innocua on frozen ready-to-eat shrimp during thawing. Journal of Food Science. 78(8):1195-1200.
Efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens for biocontrol of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 on spinach - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Olanya, O.M., Ukuku, D.O., Annous, B.A., Niemira, B.A., Sommers, C.H. 2013. Efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens for biocontrol of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 on spinach. International Journal of Food, Agriculture, and the Environment. 11:86-91.
Efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens for biocontrol of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 on spinach - (Abstract Only)
Olanya, O.M., Ukuku, D.O., Niemira, B.A., Annous, B.A., Sommers, C.H. 2013. Efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens for biocontrol of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 on spinach. Meeting Abstract. Journal of Food Protection, Volume 76 (supplement),Page 35.
Inactivation of natural microflora and Listeria innocua on raw whole shrimp by ozonated water, antimicrobial coatings, and cryogenic freezing Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Guo, M., Yang, R., Antenucci, R., Mills, B., Cassidy, J.M., Scullen, O.J., Sites, J.E., Rajkowski, K.T., Sommers, C.H., Jin, Z.T. 2013. Inactivation of natural microflora and Listeria innocua on raw whole shrimp by ozonated water, antimicrobial coatings, and cryogenic freezing. Food Control. 34:24-30.
Inactivation of Campylobacter jejuni on poultry by ultraviolet light - (Proceedings)
Sommers, C.H., Gunther, N.W. 2013. Inactivation of Campylobacter jejuni on poultry by ultraviolet light. Meeting Proceedings. Proceedings:Midwestern Poultry Federation Convention.3/12 to 3/14/2013.P1-2.
Detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7, STEC serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145, and Salmonella in naturally-contaminated ground beef using the BAX system-based PCR kits - (Abstract Only)
Wasilenko, J.L., Fratamico, P.M., Sommers, C.H., Demarco, D.R., Varkey, S., Rhoden, K., Tice, G. 2013. Detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7, STEC serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145, and Salmonella in naturally-contaminated ground beef using the BAX system-based PCR kits. Meeting Abstract. MA.
Growth of non-0157:H7 shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli on catfish fillets - (Abstract Only)
Khosravi, P., Silva, J., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, S. 2013. Growth of non-0157:H7 shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli on catfish fillets. Meeting Abstract., IFT Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL., July 13-16, 2013. Volume 1, Page 1.
Temperature impact on the growth of Salmonella spp. in raw seafood - (Abstract Only)
Sheen, S., Lin, E., Hwang, C., Sommers, C.H. 2013. Temperature impact on the growth of Salmonella spp. in raw seafood. Meeting Abstract. IFT Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL., July 13-16, 2013.Volume 1,Page 1.
Effects of media on recovery of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Pseudomonas fluorescens from spinach - (Abstract Only)
Olanya, O.M., Annous, B.A., Niemira, B.A., Ukuku, D.O., Sommers, C.H. 2013. Effects of media on recovery of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Pseudomonas fluorescens from spinach. Meeting Abstract. IFT13., July 13-16,2013, Chicago, Illinois., Page 104.
Growth of non-0157:H7 shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli on catfish fillets - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Khosravi, P., Silva, J., Sommers, C.H., Sheen, S. 2013. Growth of non-0157:H7 shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli on catfish fillets. Journal of Food Processing and Technology. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7110.S11-004.
Effects of media on recovery of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Pseudomonas fluorescens from spinach Reprint Icon - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Olanya, O.M., Annous, B.A., Niemira, B.A., Ukuku, D.O., Sommers, C.H. 2012. Effects of media on recovery of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Pseudomonas fluorescens from spinach. Journal of Food Safety. 32:492-501.
Inactivation of F.tularensis Utah-112 on food and food contact surfaces by ultraviolet light - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Scullen, B.J., Paoli, G., Bhaduri, S. 2012. Inactivation of F.tularensis Utah-112 on food and food contact surfaces by ultraviolet light. Journal of Food Processing and Technology. doi:10.4172/2157-7110.S11-002.
Methods for detection, isolation, and identification of Non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli - (Proceedings)
Fratamico, P.M., Wasilenko, J.L., Medina, M.B., Sommers, C.H. 2012. Methods for detection, isolation, and identification of Non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. United States Japan Natural Resources Protein Panel. MA.
Prevalence and enumeration of microorganisms on catfish nuggets - (Abstract Only)
Rajkowski, K.T., Sommers, C.H. 2012. Prevalence and enumeration of microorganisms on catfish nuggets [abstract]. International Association of Food Protection, July 22-25, 2012, Providence, Rhode Island. 1:1.
Incidence and inactivation of Listeria spp. on frozen shrimp - (Abstract Only)
Rajkowski, K.T., Sommers, C.H., Antenucci, R., Mills, B., Scullen, O.J., Cassidy, J.M., Sites, J.E. 2012. Incidence and inactivation of Listeria spp. on frozen shrimp [abstract]. IAFP Meeting. July 22-25, 2012, Providence, RI. 1:1.
Inactivation of foodborne pathogens on crawfish tail meat using cryogenic freezing and gamma radiation - (Abstract Only)
Rajkowski, K.T., Sommers, C.H., Antenucci, R., Scullen, O.J., Cassidy, J.M., Bender, E. 2012. Inactivation of foodborne pathogens on crawfish tail meat using cryogenic freezing and gamma radiation [abstract]. IAFP Meeting. July 22-25, 2012, Providence, Rhode Island. 1:1.
Nonthermal and advanced thermal processing technologies for improving the safety and shelf-life of aquaculture raised seafood - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2012. Nonthermal and advanced thermal processing technologies for improving the safety and shelf-life of aquaculture raised seafood [abstract]. Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting, June 25-28, 2012, Las Vegas, NV. 1:1.
Transfer of Listeria monocytogenes serovars from cantaloupe rind surfaces to fresh cut pieces during preparation: effect of native microflora waiting period and storage temperature on the population of pathogens - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Ukuku, D.O., Olanya, O.M., Geveke, D.J., Sommers, C.H. 2012. Transfer of Listeria monocytogenes serovars from cantaloupe rind surfaces to fresh cut pieces during preparation: effect of native microflora waiting period and storage temperature on the population of pathogens. Journal of Food Protection. 75(11)1912-1919.
Survival of Listeria monocytogenes, E.coli 0157:H7 and Salmonella spp. on catfish fillets exposed to microwave heating in a continuous mode - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sheen, S., Huang, L., Sommers, C.H. 2012. Survival of Listeria monocytogenes, E.coli 0157:H7 and Salmonella spp. on catfish fillets exposed to microwave heating in a continuous mode. Journal of Food Science. 77(8):E209-E214.
Alternative food safety intervention technologies - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2012. Alternative food safety intervention technologies [abstract]. American Chemical Society Meeting. August 17-21, 2012, Philadelphia, PA. 1:1.
Effect of storage temperature on the survival and growth of Listeria monocyotogenes populations in the presence of indigenous surface microflora of fresh-cut cantaloupes - (Abstract Only)
Ukuku, D.O., Olanya, O.M., Geveke, D.J., Sommers, C.H. 2012. Effect of storage temperature on the survival and growth of Listeria monocyotogenes populations in the presence of indigenous surface microflora of fresh-cut cantaloupes [abstract]. International Association for Food Protection Annual Meeting., July 20-25, 2012, Providence, Rhode Island. 1:1.
Food irradiation: research and technology, preface ()
Inactivation of Listeria innocua on frankfurters using flash pasteurization and lauric arginate ester - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Mackay, W., Geveke, D.J., Lemmenes, B., Pulsfus, S. 2012. Inactivation of Listeria innocua on frankfurters using flash pasteurization and lauric arginate ester. Journal of Food Processing and Technology. 3(3):1000147.
Growth behavior of Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on catfish fillets at abuse temperatures - (Abstract Only)
Sheen, S., Pang, Y., Sommers, C.H., Kit, L. 2012. Growth behavior of Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on catfish fillets at abuse temperatures [abstract]. IFT Meeting. June 25-28, 2012, Las Vegas, NV. 1:1.
Leafy greens: current research on microbial control, a case study - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2012. Leafy greens: current research on microbial control, a case study [abstract]. 37th Annual Winter Meeting of the Toxicology Forum, January 31, 2012, Washington, DC.
Effect of anolyte on background microflora, Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes on catfish fillets - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Rajkowski, K.T., Sommers, C.H. 2012. Effect of anolyte on background microflora, Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes on catfish fillets. Journal of Food Protection. 75(4):765-770. DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-426.
The effect of cryogenic freezing and gamma irradiation on the survival of Salmonella on frozen shrimp - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Rajkowski, K.T., Sheen, S., Samer, C., Bender, E. 2011. The effect of cryogenic freezing and gamma irradiation on the survival of Salmonella on frozen shrimp. Journal of Food Processing and Technology. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7110 S8-001.
Development and validation of nonthermal and advanced thermal food safety intervention technologies - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2011. Development and validation of nonthermal and advanced thermal food safety intervention technologies [abstract]. US Food Safety Symposium, November 17-19, 2011, Taipei, Taiwan. 1:1.
Irradiation of ready-to-eat meats for pathogen control ()
Ultraviolet light-an FDA approved technology - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2011. Ultraviolet light-an FDA approved technology [abstract]. International Association of Food Protection Annual Meeting, July 31-August 3, 2011, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. p 1.
Alternative food safety intervention technologies - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. Alternative food safety intervention technologies [abstract].American Chemical Society Mid-Atlantic Regional Meeting, College Park, MD., 1:1.
Safety of foods treated with novel process intervention technologies - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H., Safety of foods treated with novel process intervention technologies [abstract]. April 29, 2011, Pittsburgh, PA. 1:1.
Effect of trisodium phosphate or water dip on the survival of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes inoculated catfish before and after freezing - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Rajkowski, K.T., Sommers, C.H. 2012. Effect of trisodium phosphate or water dip on the survival of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes inoculated catfish before and after freezing. Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology. 21(1):39-47.
Survival of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. on catfish exposed to microwave heating in a continuous mode - (Abstract Only)
Sheen, S., Huang, L., Sommers, C.H. 2011. Survival of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. on catfish exposed to microwave heating in a continuous mode [abstract]. International Microwave Power Institute (IMPI). June 8-10, 2011, New Orleans, LA. 1:1.
Inactivation of foodborne pathogens on seafood by gamma radiation - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H., Iactivation of foodborne pathogens on seafood by gamma radiation American Society for Testing Methods [abstract]. American Society for Testing Methods International Meeting. January 31, 2011, Baltimore, Maryland. 1:1.
Inactivation of avirulent Yersinia pestis in beef bologna by gamma irradiation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Niemira, B.A. 2011. Inactivation of avirulent Yersinia pestis in beef bologna by gamma irradiation. Journal of Food Protection. 74(4):627-630.
Radiation inactivation of foodborne pathogens on frozen seafood products - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Rajkowski, K.T. 2011. Radiation inactivation of foodborne pathogens on frozen seafood products. Journal of Food Protection. 74(4):641-644.
Emerging issues in food irradiation research - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2010. Emerging issues in food irradiation research [abstract]. Council on Ionizing Radiation Measurements and Standards (CIRMS). October 18, 2010, Rockville, Maryland. 1:1.
Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes on catfish - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C., Rajkowski, K., Mackay, W., 2010. Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes on catfish [abstract].Federal Catfish Research Conference. Washington, DC. p.1.
Thermal inactivation of Shiga-toxin producing cells of Escherichia coli in chemically-injected beef steaks cooked on a commericial open-flame gas grill - (Abstract Only)
Translocation of Shiga-toxin producting cells of Escherichia coli in chemically-injected beef subprimals - (Abstract Only)
UV-C Inactivation of Francisella tularensis Utah-112 on agar surfaces, stainless steel, and foods - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C., Paoli, G., 2010. UV-C Inactivation of Francisella tularensis Utah-112 on agar surfaces, stainless steel, and foods [abstract]. Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting. Chicago, IL. p.1.
Antilisterial efficacy and lack of genotoxic potential of Listeria monocytogenes specific bacteriophages - (Abstract Only)
Mackay, W., Sommers, C., Rajkowski, K.,Barton, D., 2010 Antilisterial efficacy and lack of genotoxic potential of Listeria monocytogenes specific bacteriophages [abstract].Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology. Salt Lake City, UT. p.1.
Food Irradiation – Principles and Applications ()
Inactivation of foodborne pathogens on frankfurters using ultraviolet light (254 nm) and GRAS antimicrobials - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Scullen, O.J., Sites, J.E. 2010. Inactivation of foodborne pathogens on frankfurters using ultraviolet light (254 nm) and GRAS antimicrobials. Journal of Food Safety. 31:1-12. Available: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123387396/PDFSTART.
Behavior of Avirulent Yersinia pestis in Liquid Whole Egg as Affected by Antimicrobials and Thermal Pasteurization - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Gurtler, J., Rivera, R.B., Zhang, H.Q., Sommers, C.H. 2010. Behavior of Avirulent Yersinia pestis in Liquid Whole Egg as Affected by Antimicrobials and Thermal Pasteurization. Journal of Food Safety. 30:537-557.
Ultraviolet light (254 NM) inactivation of pathogens on foods and stainless steel surfaces - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Sites, J.E., Musgrove, M.T. 2010. Ultraviolet light (254 NM) inactivation of pathogens on foods and stainless steel surfaces. Journal of Food Safety. 30(2):470-479.
Risk Analysis for Nonthermal process interventions - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C. 2009. Risk Analysis for Non-Thermal process interventions [abstract].Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting. Anaheim, CA. p.1.
Antilisterial activity and lack of genotoxic potential of L. monocytogenes specific bacteriophages - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C. 2009. Antilisterial activity and lack of genotoxic potential of L. monocytogenes specific bacteriophages [abstract]. Edinboro University of PA. p.1.
Ionizing Solutions to Future Processor Demands for Safe Food - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C. 2009. Ionizing solutions to future processor demands for safe food [abstract] Grocery Manufacturers Association: New Technology Symposium. Alexandria, VA. p.1.
Translocation and thermal inactivation of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli in non-intact beef - (Abstract Only)
Luchansky,J.,Huang,L.,Sommers,C.,Shoyer,B.,Call,J.,Porto-Fett,A. 2009. Translocation and thermal inactivation of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli in non-intact beef [abstract].ProSafe Beef Conference.Dublin,Ireland.p.1.
Antilisterial activity and lack of genotoxic potential of L. monocytogenes specific bacteriophages - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C., Rajkowski, K.,Mackay, W. 2009. Antilisterial activity and lack of genotoxic potential of L. monocytogenes specific baceteriophages. [abstract] International Association of Food Protection. Grapevine, TX. p.1.
Ultraviolet light (254 NM) inactivation of pathogens on foods and stainless steel surfaces - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C., Sites, J., Musgrove, M., Geveke, D., 2009. Ultraviolet Light Inactivation of Pathogens on food and stainless steel surfaces [abstract]. Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting. Anaheim, CA. p.1.
Inactivation of foodborne pathogens on frankfurters using ultraviolet light and GRAS antimicrobials - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C., Sites, J., Geveke, D. 2009. Inactivation of foodborne pathogens on frankfurters using ultraviolet light and GRAS antimicrobials [abstract] Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting. Anaheim, CA p.1.
Food Irradiation Research and Technology - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C. 2009. Food Irradiation Research and Technology [abstract]. The Ohio Association of Food and Environmental Sanitarians Winter Meeting. Columbus, Ohio. p.1
Ultraviolet Light (254 nm) Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes on frankfurters that contain potassium lactate and sodium diacetate - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Cooke, P.H., Fan, X., Sites, J.E. 2009. Ultraviolet Light (254 nm) Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes on frankfurters that contain potassium lactate and sodium diacetate. Journal of Food Science. 74(3):M114-M119.
Inactivation of Listeria innocua on frankfurters by ultraviolet light and flash pasteurization - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Geveke, D.J., Pulsfus, S., Lemmenes, B. 2009. Inactivation of Listeria innocua on frankfurters by ultraviolet light and flash pasteurization. Journal of Food Science. 74(3):M138-M141.
Inactivation of avirulent Yersinia pestis in butterfield's phosphate buffer and frankfurters by UVC (254 nm) and gamma irradiation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Cooke, P.H. 2009. Inactivation of avirulent Yersinia pestis in butterfield's phosphate buffer and frankfurters by UVC (254 nm) and gamma irradiation. Journal of Food Protection. 72(4):755-759.
Radiation resistance and post-irradiation proliferation of Listeria monocytogenes on ready-to-eat deli meat in the presence of pectin/nisin films - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Jin, Z.T., Liu, L.S., Sommers, C.H., Boyd, G., Zhang, H.Q. 2009. Radiation resistance and post-irradiation proliferation of Listeria monocytogenes on ready-to-eat deli meat in the presence of pectin/nisin films. Journal of Food Protection. 72(3):644-649.
Food Irradiation Research and Technology - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C. 2008. Food Irradiation Research and Technology [abstract]. Council on Ionizing Radiation Measurement and Stardards (CIRMS). Gaithersburg, MD. p. 1.
Food irradiation research and technology - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C. 2008. Irradiation Research and Technology. [abstract] International Association for Food Protection. p. 1.
Nonthermal processing technologies to improve the safety of raw meat and poultry products and ready-to-eat foods - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C. 2008. Kraft/Oscar Mayer Meat Science Summit, [abstract] Madison, WI.p.1.
Survival of Yersinia in whole liquid egg as influenced by the presence of nisin - (Abstract Only)
Gurtler, J., Zhang, H., Sommers, C., 2008. Survival of Yersinia in whole liquid egg as influenced by the presence of nisin. [abstract]. International Association for Food Protection - 95th Annual Meeting. p. 1.
Virulence of Listeria monocytogenes following repeated exposure to Ultraviolet (254nm) Light - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C. 2008. Virulence of Listeria Monocytogenes following repeated exposure to ultravioet light [abstract]. Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA. p.1.
Inactivation of Listeria innocua on the surfaces of frankfurters using UVC light and flash pasteurization - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C., Geveke, D., Pulsfus, Seth, Lemmenes, Bryan, 2008. Inactivation of Listeria innocua on the surfaces of frankfurters using UVC light and flash pasteurization. [abstract]. Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting. p. 1.
DETECTION OF YERSINIA PESTIS BY COMPARISON OF VIRULENCE PLASMID (PYV/PCD)-ASSOCIATED PHENOTYPES IN YERSINIA SPECIES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Bhaduri, S., O Connor, C. 2008. Comparison of Virulence Plasmid (pYV/pCD)-Associated Phenotypes in Yersinia Species. Journal of Food Safety. 28:453-466.
Letter to the Editor. Radiation Sensitivity of Escherichia Coli JM109 and DH5 Alpha ()
Sommers, C.H., Rajkowski, K.T. 2008. Letter to the Editor. Radiation Sensitivity of Escherichia Coli JM109 and DH5 Alpha. Journal of Food Science. 73(1):vii.
Inactivation of Escherichia Coli JM109, DH5 ALPHA and O157:H7 Suspended in Butterfields Phosphate Buffer by Gamma Irradiation - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Rajkowski, K.T. 2008. Inactivation of Escherichia Coli JM109, DH5 ALPHA and O157:H7 Suspended in Butterfields Phosphate Buffer by Gamma Irradiation. Journal of Food Science. 73(2):M87-M90.
Induction of micronuclei by palmitic acid and its unique radiolytic product 2-dodecylcyclobutanone - (Proceedings)
Sommers, C.H. 2007. Induction of micronuclei by palmitic acid and its unique radiolytic product 2-dodecylcyclobutanone. In: Proceedings of the United States-Japan (UJNR), 36th Annual Meeting, October 21-25, 2007, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. p. 59-62.
Flash Pasteurization inactivation of Listeria innocua on frankfurters that contain potassium lactate and sodium diacetate - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Geveke, D.J., Fan, X. 2008. Flash Pasteurization inactivation of Listeria innocua on frankfurters that contain potassium lactate and sodium diacetate. Journal of Food Science. M1-M3.
MODELING THE IRRADIATION-FOLLOWED-BY-HEAT INACTIVATION OF SALMONELLA INOCULATED IN LIQUID WHOLE EGG - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Alvarez, I., Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H. 2007. Modeling the irradiation-followed-by-heat inactivation of salmonella inoculated in liquid whole egg. Journal of Food Science. 72(5):M145-M152.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RADIATION RESISTANCE OF YERSINIA PESTIS SUSPENDED IN RAW GROUND PORK - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Niemira, B.A. 2007. Effect of temperature on the radiation resistance of yersinia pestis suspended in raw ground pork. Journal of Food Safety. 27:317-325.
Inactivation of Salmonella Enteriditis and Salmonella Senftenberg in liquid whole egg using generally recognized as safe additives, ionizing radiation and heat - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Alvarez, I., Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H. 2007. Inactivation of Salmonella Enteriditis and Salmonella Senftenberg in liquid whole egg using generally recognized as safe additives, ionizing radiation and heat. Journal of Food Protection. 70(6):1402-1409.
Inactivation of Listeria on Frankfurter Surfaces Using UVC Radiation and Vacuum-Steam-Vacuum Pasteurization - (Proceedings)
Sommers, C.H., Geveke, D.J. 2006. Inactivation of Listeria on Frankfurter Surfaces Using UVC Radiation and Vacuum-Steam-Vacuum Pasteurization. In: Proceedings of the United States-Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources, October 21-28, 2006, Sonoma, California. p. F23-F25.
PRODUCTION OF MUTAGENIC METABOLITES BY METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Krasnoff, S.B., Sommers, C.H., Moon, Y., Donzelli, B., Vandenberg, J.D., Churchill, A., Gibson, D.M. 2006. Production of mutagenic metabolites by metarhizium anisopliae. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 54:7083-7088.
EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON FURAN FORMATION IN READY-TO-EAT PRODUCTS AND THEIR INGREDIENTS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Fan, X., Sommers, C.H. 2006. Effect of gamma radiation on furan formation in ready-to-eat products and their ingredients. Journal of Food Science. 71(7):C407-C412.
IRRADIATION INACTIVATION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN LOW FAT GROUND PORK AT FROZEN AND REFRIGERATED TEMPERATURE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Bari, M.L., Mochida, M., Sommers, C.H., Hayakawa, F., Todoriki, S., Kawamoto, S. 2006. Irradiation inactivation of listeria monocytogenes in low fat ground pork at frozen and refrigerated temperature. Journal of Food Protection. 69:2955-2960.
RADIATION SENSITIVITY AND POST-IRRADIATION GROWTH OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENS ON A READY-TO-EAT “FRANKFURTER ON A ROLL” IN THE PRESENCE OF MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE AND ANTIMICROBIALS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Boyd, G. 2006. Radiation sensitivity and post-irradiation growth of foodborne pathogens on a ready-to-eat “frankfurter on a roll” in the presence of modified atmosphere and antimicrobials. Journal of Food Protection. 69(10):2436-2440.
ENSURING THE SAFETY OF COMPLEX READY-TO-EAT FOODS USING IRRADIATION - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H., Boyd, G. 2006. Ensuring the safety of complex ready-to-eat foods using irradiation. IFT Annual Meeting & Food Expo. Orlando, FL. 6/28/06. p. 1.
E2449-05 STANDARD GUIDE FOR IRRADIATION OF PREPACKAGED PROCESSED MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS TO CONTROL PATHOGENS AND OTHER MICROORGANISMS ()
Logar, J., Sommers, C.H., Kusnesof, P., Astm Subcommittee, E. 2006. E2449-05 standard guide for irradiation of prepackaged processed meat and poultry products to control pathogens and other microorganisms. ASTM International. 1-7.
INDUCTION OF MICRONUCLEI IN HUMAN TK6 LYMPHOBLASTS BY 2-DODECYLCYCLOBUTANONE, A UNIQUE RADIOLYTIC PRODUCT OF PALMITIC ACID - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
IONIZING RADIATION OF EGGS ()
RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF SALMONELLA ISOLATES RELATIVE TO RESISTANCE TO AMPICILLIN, CHLORAMPHENICOL OR GENTAMICIN - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Niemira, B.A., Lonczynski, K., Sommers, C.H. 2006. Radiation sensitivity of salmonella isolates relative to resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol or gentamicin. Journal of Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 75:1080-1086.
INACTIVATION OF SALMONELLA SEROVARS IN LIQUID WHOLE EGG BY HEAT FOLLOWING IRRADIATION TREATMENTS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
COMPLEX FORMATION WITH DAMAGE RECOGNITION PROTEIN RAD14 IS ESSENTIAL FOR SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE RAD1-RAD10 NUCLEASE TO PERFORM ITS FUNCTION IN NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR IN VIVO - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Guzder, S.N., Sommers, C.H., Prakash, L., Prakash, S. 2006. Complex formation with damage recognition protein rad14 is essential for saccharomyces cerevisiae rad1-rad10 nuclease to perform its function in nucleotide excision repair in vivo. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 26(3): 1135-1141.
VARIATIONS IN THE RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPLEX READY-TO-EAT FOODS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Boyd, G. 2006. Variations in the radiation sensitivity of foodborne pathogens associated with complex ready-to-eat foods. Journal of Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 75:773-778.
INACTIVATION OF SALMONELLA IN LIQUID WHOLE EGG BY IONIZING RADIATION AND HEAT - (Abstract Only)
Alvarez, I., Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H. 2005. Inactivation of salmonella in liquid whole egg by ionizing radiation and heat. Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting and Food Expo, July 16-20, 2005, New Orleans, LA. p. 108-4.
SAFETY TESTING OF 2-ALKYLCYCLOBYTANONES- UNIQUE RADIOLYTIC PRODUCTS - (Proceedings)
Sommers, C.H. 2005. Safety testing of 2-alkylcyclobytanones- unique radiolytic products. Japanese Research Association for Food Irradiation (JRAFI), November 30, 2005, Tokyo, Japan. p. 7-12.
SAFETY TESTING OF 2-ALKYLCYCLOBUTANONES- UNIQUE RADIOLYTIC PRODUCTS - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2005. Safety testing of 2-alkylcyclobutanones- unique radiolytic products [abstract]. Japanese Research Association for Food Irradiation. p.1.
TOXICOLOGICAL SAFETY OF IRRADIATED FOODS ()
RISK ASSESSMENT OF FOODS PROCESSED USING NONTHERMAL INTERVENTION TECHNOLOGIES - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2006. Risk assessment of foods processed using nonthermal intervention technologies. ACS Annual Meeting. Atlanta, GA. 5/29/006. p. 1.
RECENT ADVANCES IN FOOD IRRADIATION-MUTAGENICITY TESTING OF 2-DODECYLCYCLOBUTANONE ()
TOXICOLOGY TESTING OF THE UNIQUE RADIOLYTIC PRODUCT 2-DODECYLCYCLOBUTANONE - (Proceedings)
Sommers, C.H. 2005. Toxicology testing of the unique radiolytic product 2-dodecylcyclobutanone [abstract]. American Chemical Society. p.1.
INACTIVATION OF PATHOGENS IN COMPLEX READY-TO-EAT FOODS USING GAMMA IRRADIATION - (Abstract Only)
Alvarez, I., Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H. 2005. Inactivation of pathogens in complex ready-to-eat foods using gamma irradiation [abstract]. Institute of Food Technologists Nonthermal Processing Division Workshop. p.1.
INACTIVATION OF PATHOGENS IN COMPLEX READY-TO-EAT FOODS USING GAMMA IRRADIATION - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H., Boyd, G. 2005. Inactivation of pathogens in complex ready-to-eat foods using gamma irradiation [abstract].Institute of Food Technologists Nonthermal Processing Division Workshop. p.1.
REDUCTION OF IRRADIATION-INDUCED QUALITY CHANGES BY ROSEMARY EXTRACT IN READY-TO-EAT TURKEY PRODUCT ()
Fan, X., Sommers, C.H., Sokorai, K.J. 2006. Reduction of irradiation-induced quality changes by rosemary extract in ready-to-eat turkey product. In Havkin-Frenkel, D., Frenkel, C., Dudai, N., editors. Proceeding of the First International Symposium on Natural Preservatives in Food Systems. Acta Horticulture 709:61-67.
GENOTOXICITY OF THE UNIQUE RADIOLYTIC PRODUCT 2-DODECYLCYCLOBUTANONE - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2005. Genotoxicity of the unique radiolytic product 2-dodecylcyclobutanone [abstract]. AlChe. p.1.
NEW APPLICATIONS IN FOOD IRRADIATION ()
Niemira, B.A., Sommers, C.H. 2006. New applications in food irradiation. Heldman, D.R., editor. Encyclopedia of Agricultural, Food, and Biological Engineering. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis Group. p.1-6.
STUDIES OF POST-IRRADIATION SURVIVAL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND L. INNOCUA ON ENDIVE, REGROWTH UNDER MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING AND PRODUCT SENSORY QUALITIES - (Proceedings)
Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sokorai, K.J., Sommers, C.H., Rajkowski, K.T. 2006. STUDIES OF POST-IRRADIATION SURVIVAL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND L. INNOCUA ON ENDIVE, REGROWTH UNDER MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING AND PRODUCT SENSORY QUALITIES. Meeting Abstract. 301-316.
EFFECTS OF CALCIUM ASCORBATE AND IONIZING RADIATION ON THE SURVIVAL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND PRODUCT QUALITY OF FRESH-CUT “GALA” APPLES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Fan, X., Sokorai, K.J., Sommers, C.H., Niemira, B.A., Mattheis, J.P. 2005. Effects of calcium ascorbate and ionizing radiation on the survival of listeria monocytogenes and product quality of fresh-cut “gala” apples. Journal of Food Science. M352-358.
TRENDS IN FOOD IRRADIATION - (Abstract Only)
Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H., Alvarez, I. 2005. Trends in food irradiation. University of Sao Paulo, June 15, 2005, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EFFECT OF BENZENE AND ITS CLOSED RING METABOLITES ON INTRACHROMOSOMAL RECOMBINATION IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Schiestl, R. 2006. Effect of benzene and its closed ring metabolites on intrachromosomal recombination in saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutation Research. 593:1-8.
FOOD IRRADIATION AS A MEANS TO ASSURE FOOD SAFETY - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2005. Food irradiation as a means to assure food safety [abstract]. Drexel University. p.1.
USE OF ROSEMARY EXTRACT TO REDUCE UNDESIRABLE QUALITY CHANGES OF READY-TO-EAT TURKEY BOLOGNA INDUCED BY IONIZING RADIATION - (Proceedings)
Fan, X., Sommers, C.H. 2005. Use of rosemary extract to reduce undesirable quality changes of ready-to-eat turkey bologna induced by ionizing radiation. International Symposium on Natural Preservatives in Food Systems, March 30-31, 2005, Princeton, NJ. Abstract #4, p. 27.
EFFECTS OF CALCIUM ASCORBATE, AN ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBROWNING AGENT, ON RADIATION RESISTANCE OF L. MONOCYTOGENES AND QUALITY OF "GALA" APPLE SLICES - (Abstract Only)
Fan, X., Sokorai, K.J., Sommers, C.H., Niemira, B.A., Mattheis, J.P. 2005. Effects of calcium ascorbate, an antioxidant and antibrowning agent, on radiation resistance of l. monocytogenes and quality of "gala" apple slices. Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting, July 16-20, 2004, New Orleans, LA. p. 36E-31.
IRRADIATION DESTRUCT VALUES OF SHIGELLA SONNIE, SALMONELLA OR ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 AND POST IRRADIATION SURVIVAL AND REGROWTH OF INDIGENOUS MICROFLORA ON VEGETABLE SPROUTS AND ON WARM/COLD WATER-WASHED CUT ICEBERG LETTUCE - (Proceedings)
Rajkowski, K.T., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H., Niemira, B.A. 2006. Irradiation destruct values of shigella sonnie, salmonella or escherichia coli o157:h7 and post irradiation survival and regrowth of indigenous microflora on vegetable sprouts and on warm/cold water-washed cut iceberg lettuce. IAEA, July 25-29, 2005, Vienna, Austria. p. 317-324.
VARIATIONS IN THE RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPLEX READY-TO-EAT FOODS - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H., Boyd, G. 2005. Variations in the radiation sensitivity of foodborne pathogens associated with complex ready-to-eat foods. Meeting Abstract.
F1640-03 STANDARD GUIDE FOR IRRADIATION AND USE OF PACKAGING MATERIALS FOR FOODS TO BE IRRADIATED ()
Logar, J., Sommers, C.H. 2004. F1640-03 standard guide for irradiation and use of packaging materials for foods to be irradiated. 1-5.
F1736-03 STANDARD GUIDE FOR IRRADIATION OF FINFISH AND AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES USED AS FOOD TO CONTROL PATHOGENS AND SPOILAGE MICROORGANISMS ()
Logar, J., Sommers, C.H. 2004. F1736-03 standard guide for irradiation of finfish and aquatic invertebrates used as food to control pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. ASTM International. 1-6.
DNA DAMAGE-INDUCIBLE GENE EXPRESSION AND FORMATION OF 5-FLUOROURACIL-RESISTANT MUTANTS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI EXPOSED TO 2-DODECYCLOBUTANONE ()
Sommers, C.H., Mackay, W. 2005. DNA damage-inducible gene expression and formation of 5-fluorouracil-resistant mutants in escherichia coli exposed to 2-dodecyclobutanone. Journal of Food Science. 7(4):254-257.
MECHANISMS OF MICROBIAL SPOILAGE OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES ()
Niemira, B.A., Sommers, C.H., Ukuku, D.O. 2005. Mechanisms of microbial spoilage of fruits and vegetables. In: Lamikanra, O., Imam, S.H., Ukuku, D.O., editors. Produce Degradation: Reaction Pathways and their Prevention. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis Group. p. 463-482.
D-10 VALUES AND ELIMINATION OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENS - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2004. D-10 values and elimination of foodborne pathogens. CIRMS 2004, November 3, 2004, Gaithersburg, Maryland. p.1.
FOOD IRRADIATION IS ALREADY HERE ()
Sommers, C.H. 2004. Food irradiation is already here. Food Technology. 58(11): 22.
A RAPID METHOD TO MEASURE HEAT-INDUCED DAMAGE TO DNA IN CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Novak, J.S., Sommers, C.H., Juneja, V.K. 2005. A rapid method to measure heat-induced damage to dna in clostridium perfringens. Food Control. 16:399-404.
SENSORY EVALUATION OF IRRADIATED GROUND BEEF PATTIES FOR THE NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Fan, X., Niemira, B.A., Rajkowski, K.T., Phillips, J.G., Sommers, C.H. 2004. Sensory evaluation of irradiated ground beef patties for the national school lunch program. Journal of Food Science. 69:S394-S387.
RECENT ADVANCES IN FOOD IRRADIATION - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2004. Recent advances in food irradiation. ACS, August 6, 2004, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. p.1.
THE ACB'S (ALKYLCYCLOBUTANONES) OF FOOD IRRADIATION - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2004. The acb's (alkylcyclobutanones) of food irradiation. ACS, August 6, 2004, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. p.1.
USDA IRRADIATION PERSPECTIVE - AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE ROLE IN THE NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2004. USDA irradiation perspective - agricultural research service role in the national school lunch program. Major City Directors & Supervisors Meeting. May 12, 2004, Lakeland, Florida. p1.
ELIMINATION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES FROM READY-TO-EAT TURKEY AND CHEESE TORTILLA WRAPS USING IONIZING RADIATION ()
Sommers, C.H., Boyd, G. 2005. Elimination of listeria monocytogenes from ready-to-eat turkey and cheese tortilla wraps using ionizing radiation. Journal of Food Protection. 164-167.
IONIZING RADIATION AND ANTIOXIDANTS AFFECT VOLATILE SULFUR COMPOUNDS, LIPID OXIDATION AND COLOR OF READY-TO-EAT TURKEY BOLOGNA - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Fan, X., Sommers, C.H., Sokorai, K.J. 2004. Irradiation and antioxidants affect volatile sulfur compounds, lipid oxidation and color of ready-to-eat turkey bologna. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 52:3509-3515.
2-DODECYLCYCLOBUTANONE DOES NOT INDUCE MUTATIONS IN THE SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY TEST OR INTRACHROMOSOMAL RECOMBINATION IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISAE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H., Sohistl, R.H. 2004. 2-dodecylcyclobutanone does not induce mutations in the salmonella mutagenicity test or intrachromosomal recombination in saccharomyces cerevisae. Journal of Food Protection. 67:1293-1298.
IRRADIATION OF READY-TO-EAT FOODS AT USDA'S EASTERN REGIONAL RESEARCH CENTER - 2003 UPDATE - (Proceedings)
Sommers, C.H., Fan, X., Niemira, B.A., Rajkowski, K.T. 2004. Irradiation of ready-to-eat foods at usda's eastern regional research center - 2003 update. Journal of Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 71:511-514.
IMPROVING THE MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF POULTRY BY IRRADIATION ()
Sommers, C.H. 2003. Improving the microbiological safety of poultry by irradiation. Feedinfo News Service.
EFFECT OF IONIZING RADIATION ON THE SAFETY AND QUALITY OF FOODS - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2003. Effect of ionizing radiation on the safety and quality of foods (Meeting Abstract). EFSC XIII. p. 1.
IRRADIATION OF READY-TO-EAT MEATS: ELIMINATING LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES WHILE MAINTAINING PRODUCT QUALITY. ()
Sommers, C.H., Keser, N., Fan, X., Wallace, F.M., Novak, J.S., Handel, A.P., Niemira, B.A. 2004. Irradiation of ready-to-eat meats: eliminating listeria monocytogenes while maintaining product quality. Komolprasert V. and Morehouse, K. Washington, D.C. American Chemical Society. p. 77-89.
2-DODECYLCYCLOBUTANONE, A CHEMICAL PRODUCED BY IRRADIATION OF FAT CONTAINING FOODS, DOES NOT INDUCE MUTATIONS IN THE ESCHERICHIA COLI TRYPTOPHAN REVERSE MUTATION ASSAY - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
Sommers, C.H. 2003. 2-dodecylcyclobutanone, a chemical produced by irradiation of fat containing foods, does not induce mutations in the escherichia coli tryptophan reverse mutation assay. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 51:6367-6370.
RADIATION (GAMMA) RESISTANCE AND POST-IRRADIATION GROWTH OF LISTERIA MONOCTYTOGENES SUSPENDED IN BEEF BOLOGNA THAT CONTAINED SODIUM DIACETATE AND POTASSIUM LACTATE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
SOMMERS, C.H., FAN, X., NIEMIRA, B.A., SOKORAI, K.J. RADIATION (GAMMA) RESISTANCE AND POST-IRRADIATION GROWTH OF LISTERIA MONOCTYTOGENES SUSPENDED IN BEEF BOLOGNA THAT CONTAINED SODIUM DIACETATE AND POTASSIUM LACTATE. JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY. 2003. V. 66. P. 2051-2056.
EFFECT OF IRRADIATION AND FROZEN STORAGE ON INJURY AND SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS IN CONCENTRATED ORANGE JUICE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
NIEMIRA, B.A., SOMMERS, C.H., BOYD, G. EFFECT OF IRRADIATION AND FROZEN STORAGE ON INJURY AND SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS IN CONCENTRATED ORANGE JUICE. JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION. 2003. V. 66 (10). P. 1916-1919.
TOXICOLOGICAL SAFETY OF IRRADIATED FOODS - (Abstract Only)
Sommers, C.H. 2003. Toxicological safety of irradiated foods. Meeting Abstract.
IONIZING RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND L. INNOCUA INOCULATED ON ENDIVE (CICHORIUM ENDIVA) - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
NIEMIRA, B.A., FAN, X., SOKORAI, K.J., SOMMERS, C.H. IONIZING RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND L. INNOCUA INOCULATED ON ENDIVE (CICHORIUM ENDIVA). JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION. 2003. V. 66 (6). P. 993-998.
FORMULATION OF SOY- AND BEEF-BASED READY TO EAT FOOD PRODUCTS INFLUENCES RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF SURFACE-INOCULATED LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND POST-IRRADIATION PRODUCT SENSORY PROPERTIES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
NIEMIRA, B.A., SOMMERS, C.H., FAN, X., SOKORAI, K.J. FORMULATION OF SOY- AND BEEF-BASED READY TO EAT FOOD PRODUCTS INFLUENCES RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF SURFACE-INOCULATED LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND POST-IRRADIATION PRODUCT SENSORY PROPERTIES. JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY. 2003. V. 23. P. 35-46.
RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF A PATHOGEN (LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES) AND A SURROGATE (L. INNOCUA) ON INOCULATED ENDIVE (CICHORIUM ENDIVA) ()
Niemira, B.A., Fan, X., Sommers, C.H. 2003. Radiation sensitivity of a pathogen (listeria monocytogenes) and a surrogate (l. innocua) on inoculated endive (cichorium endiva). Report of 2nd FAO/IAE Research Co-ordination Meeting (RCM), April 14-18, 2003, Belfast, Ireland. p. 94-96.
IRRADIATION (GAMMA) OF FINE EMULSION SAUSAGE THAT CONTAINTED SODIUM DIACETATE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
SOMMERS, C.H., FAN, X. IRRADIATION (GAMMA) OF FINE EMULSION SAUSAGE THAT CONTAINTED SODIUM DIACETATE.. JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION. 2002. V. 66(5). P. 819-824.
IRRADIATION OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED MEATS ()
SOMMERS, C.H. IRRADIATION OF MINIMALLY PROCESSED MEATS. CRC PRESS. BOOK CHAPTER. 2003. CHAPTER 14. P. 301-318.
USE OF VACUUM-STEAM-VACUUM AND IONIZING RADIATION TO ELIMINATE LISTERIA INNOCUA FROM HAM - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
SOMMERS, C.H., KOZEMPEL, M.F., FAN, X., RADEWONUK, E.R. USE OF VACUUM-STEAM-VACUUM AND IONIZING RADIATION TO ELIMINATE LISTERIA INNOCUA FROM HAM. JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION. 2002. V. 65. P. 1981-1983.
VOLATILE SULFUR COMPOUNDS IN IRRADIATED PRE-COOKED TURKEY BREAST ANALYZED WITH PULSED FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
FAN, X., SOMMERS, C.H., THAYER, D.W., LEHOTAY, S.J. VOLATILE SULFUR COMPOUNDS IN IRRADIATED PRE-COOKED TURKEY BREAST ANALYZED WITH PULSED FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY. 2002. V. 50. P. 4257-4261.
IRRADIATION TEMPERATURE INFLUENCES PRODUCT QUALITY FACTORS OF FROZEN VEGETABLES AND RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF INOCULATED LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
SUSPENDING LETTUCE TYPE INFLUENCES RECOVERABILITY AND RADIATION SENSITIVITYOF ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
EFFECT OF DEXTROSE AND GAMMA RADIATION ON BEEF BOLOGNA ANTIOXIDANT POWER, LIPID OXIDATION, COLOR, AND VIABILITY OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
EFFECT OF IONIZING RADIATION ON BEEF BOLOGNA CONTAINING SOY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE - (Peer Reviewed Journal)
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