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ARS Home » Plains Area » Fargo, North Dakota » Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center » Sunflower and Plant Biology Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #90453
Title: CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY IN SUNFLOWER LANDRACE PI 432513 AND THE INHERITANCE OF FERTILITY RESTORATION

Author
item Jan, Chao-Chien
item Vick, Brady

Submitted to: Proceedings Sunflower Research Workshop
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/30/1998
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: All sunflower hybrids currently produced have the same cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) source derived from wild species H. petiolaris, a very alarming situation regarding the crop's genetic vulnerability. Research conducted over the past 25 years has been focused on the search of new cms sources and their fertility restoration genes. This study reported the inheritance of fertility restoration genes derived from five different sources for the newly identified cms in Native American line PI 432513. The genetic segregation ratios in progenies of crosses between the cms lines and the fertility restoration lines indicated single dominant gene control of the fertility restoration.

Technical Abstract: A new source of cytoplasmic male sterility was identified in Helianthus annuus Native American landrace PI 432513. The all male-sterile F1 plants from crossing male-sterile PI 432513 with inbred line HA89 indicated cytoplasmic male sterility. After crossing male-sterile F1 plants with 14 restoration testers, PI 432513, Armavir, VNIIMK, and P21 were shown to possess fertility restoration genes at varying frequencies, whereas RHA 266, RHA 274, RHA 294, RHA 296, and RHA 801 had complete restoration. The F2 segregation ratios of 3 male-fertile to 1 male-sterile in crosses with all of the restoration sources suggest single dominant gene for fertility restoration. The RHA lines are restoration lines for the classical H. petiolaris cytoplasm used in sunflower hybrid production for the past 20 years. This is the first male-sterile H. annuus cytoplasm having a fertility restoration reaction similar to the male-sterile H. petiolaris cytoplasm and can be quickly utilized to produce future sunflower hybrids.