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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Columbia, Missouri » Plant Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #86272
Title: CHARACTERIZATION OF WHEAT-TRITICALE DOUBLED-HAPLOID LINES BY CYTOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS

Author
item ZHANG, X - CHINESE ACADEMY SCIENCE
item WANG, X - CHINESE ACADEMY SCIENCE
item JING, J - CHINESE ACADEMY SCIENCE
item Ross, Kathleen
item HU, H - CHINESE ACADEMY SCIENCE
item Gustafson, J

Submitted to: Plant Breeding
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/11/1997
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Wheat breeders have been trying to efficiently place genes from rye into wheat for many years. In the past it has taken many crosses and the growing of very large populations over several generations in order to obtain rye genes in wheat that are useful to wheat breeders. The present study was designed to see if newer techniques could greatly speed the process of integrating rye genes into wheat. The techniques showed that wheats could be produced in two generations, from wheat-rye crosses, that contained rye genes. Five breeding lines were established that contain new sources of useful rye genes in wheat backgrounds for use by wheat breeders in variety production.

Technical Abstract: Five wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.)-triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) doubled haploid (DH) lines, M08, V209, DH220-14-2, DH696-3-4 and M16, derived from the anther culture of F1s resulting from crosses involving hexaploid or octoploid triticale X hexaploid wheat were characterized by cytological and biochemical markers. Cytological evidence from genomic in situ hybridization and C-banding indicated that DH lines M08 and V209 (2n=42), each contained a pair of 1BL/1RS translocation chromosomes. Line DH220-14-2 (2n=42) was also a translocated line with two pairs of chromosomes containing small fragments of rye (Secale cereale L.). One of the translocation fragments carried the Sec-1R gene originating from the satellite region of 1RS; the origin of the other one remains unknown. DH696-3-4 (2n=42), contained a 3D(3R) substitution. In M16(2n=44), three pairs of rye chromosomes, 3R, 4R and 6R, were present with 4R as an addition with 3D(3R) and 6D(6R) as substitutions. Biochemical, isozyme, and storage protein markers confirmed the cytological conclusions. The advantages of transferring alien chromosomes or chromosome fragments into wheat and creating alien aneuploid lines by anther culture of hybrid F1 are discussed.