ARS | Publication request: VARIATION IN OIL CONTENT IN VIRGINIA-CAROLINA AREA PEANUTS

Submitted to: American Peanut Research and Education Society Proceedings
Publication Type: Proceedings
Publication Acceptance Date: July 11, 1997
Publication Date: N/A

Technical Abstract: The high oil content of peanuts concerns the consumer and may cause aversion to peanuts as a snack food. Oil may be removed from shelled peanuts and their products, but its reduction in in-shell peanuts must be achieved genetically. FDA regulations require a reduced fat product to have less than 3/4 the fat of a standard product. For the virginia-type, this means an oil content of about 350 g/kg. To assess the genetic variation of peanuts grown in the Virginia-Carolina area, samples were measured using NMR. Seed size had a significant effect on oil content of PVQE samples with ELK averaging 497, medium 471, and No. 1 419 g/kg. Genotypes were significantly different, ranging from 451 to 501 g/kg, but the range across seed size within a line was more than across genotypes within a seed size. NCSU breeding lines ranged from 473 to 552 g/kg. Late maturing leafspot resistant and jumbo-pod lines had lower oil contents, while early-maturing CBR-resistant lines had higher oil. Oil content in 580 mutants and introductions ranged from 442 to 562 g/kg. The lower tail included several related lines derived from crosses among irradiated mutants. In unreplicated samples, lines with Bolivian ancestry were found to have generally high oil contents while selections from Mexican hirsuta lines had oil amounts under 420 g/kg. Crosses of line N91026E with hirsuta lines and a factorial mating of lower-oil virginia lines with low-oil parents were evaluated in 1995 and 1996. A few plants were identified with oil near the target level.