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Title: Host records for fruit-feeding Afrotropical Tortricidae (Lepidoptera)

Author
item Brown, John
item COPELAND, R. - International Centre Of Insect Physiology And Ecology
item AARVIK, L. - Natural History Museum - Norway
item MILLER, S. - Smithsonian Institute
item ROSATI, M. - Smithsonian Institute
item LUKE, Q. - Centers For Disease Control - Kenya

Submitted to: African Entomology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/15/2014
Publication Date: 6/18/2014
Publication URL: http://reference.sabinet.co.za/sa_epublication_article/ento_v22_n2_a14
Citation: Brown, J.W., Copeland, R., Aarvik, L., Miller, S.E., Rosati, M., Luke, Q. 2014. Host records for fruit-feeding Afrotropical Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). African Entomology. 22(2):343-376.

Interpretive Summary: The larvae or caterpillars of moths commonly known as leaf-rollers attack a wide range of crop plants, causing billions of dollars in damage annually. In this study we report new host-plant records for numerous leaf-rollers reared from native fruits in southern Africa. Because of a growing market for these fruits worldwide, it is important to know which moth species may potentially be introduced into new global markets, and to understand their biologies and host perferences in order to more effectively detect and exclude them from the U.S. These findings will be useful to fruit producers in southern Africa and worldwide and to action agencies such as USDA/APHIS whose responsibilities include the detection and exclusion of foreign pest at U.S ports-of-entry.

Technical Abstract: We present host records for the following Afrotropical Tortricidae reared from fruit in Kenya: Idiothauma nr africanum Walsingham, Paraccra mimesa Razowski, Apotoforma nr uncifera Razowski, Eugnosta percnoptila (Meyrick), Phtheochroa aarviki Razowski & Brown, Actihema hemiacta (Meyrick, 1920), “Tortrix” dinota Meyrick, Choristoneura occidentalis (Walsingham), Procrica nr ophiograpta (Meyrick), Metamesia nr episema (Diakonoff), Epichoristodes acerbella (Walker), Cryptaspasma phycitinana Aarvik, Cryptaspasma subtilis Diakonoff complex, Cryptaspasma caryothicta (Meyrick) complex, Cryptaspasma n. sp., Lobesia vanillana (Joannis), Lobesia semosa Diakonoff, Eccopsis nebulana Walsingham, Eccopsis praecedens Walsingham, Afrothreutes madoffei Aarvik, Afroploce nr karsholti Aarvik, Metendothenia balanacma (Meyrick), Endothenia ator Razowski & Brown, Anthozela chrysoxantha Meyrick, Anthozela psychotriae Razowski & Brown, Concinocordis wilsonarum Razowski & Brown, Crocidosema plebejana Zeller, Crocidosema lantana (Busck), Gypsonoma scolopiae Razowski & Brown, Cosmetra nereidopa (Meyrick), Cosmetra sp. 1, Cosmetra sp. 2, Cosmetra sp. 3, Cosmetra podocarpivora Razowski & Brown, Cosmetra taitana Razowski & Brown, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick), Thaumatotibia batrachopa (Meyrick), Thaumatotibia salaciae Razowski & Brown, Cryptophlebia semilunana (Saalmüller), Cryptophlebia ombrodelta (Lower), Cryptophlebia peltastica (Meyrick), Cydia connara Razowski & Brown, Cydia sennae Razowski & Brown, Cydia nr choleropa (Meyrick), Fulcrifera crotalariae Razowski & Brown, Fulcrifera nr periculosa (Meyrick), Fulcrifera sp. 1, Fulcrifera sp. 2, Dracontogena continentalis Karisch, Dracontogena solii Aarvik & Karisch, Grapholita limbata Diakonoff, Grapholita miranda (Meyrick), Grapholita nr miranda (Meyrick), Selania exornata (Diakonoff), Eucosmocydia monitrix (Meyrick), Stenentoma sorindeiae Razowski & Brown, and Thylacogaster garcinivora Razowski & Brown. Not surprisingly, nearly 75% of all our reared specimens are members of Grapholitini, a tribe that includes numerous pests of fruit worldwide. Approximately 77% of the reared species are recorded from only one or two different plants species (frequently in the same plant genus). Plant families that support the greatest numbers of tortricid fruit-feeders are Rubiaceae (13 tortricid species), Ochnaceae (11 tortricid species), Sapindaceae (10 tortricid speices), Connaraceae (7 tortricid species), Rosaceae (8 tortricid species), and Fabaceae (7 tortricid species). We also review previously reported food plants and provide a few new records for four foliage- and/or fruit-feeding tortricids from the Afrotopical region, e.g., Goniotorna erratica (Diakonoff, 1948), Taiteccopsis taitana Razowski, Cydia choleropa (Meyrick, 1913), and Leguminivora ptychora (Meyrick, 1907).