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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Florence, South Carolina » Coastal Plain Soil, Water and Plant Conservation Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #295025
Title: Components of hybrid vigor in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and their relationship with environment

Author
item TYAGI, PRIYANKA - North Carolina State University
item BOWMAN, DARYL - North Carolina State University
item EDMISTEN, KEITH - North Carolina State University
item BOURLAND, FRED - University Of Arkansas
item Campbell, Benjamin - Todd
item FRASER, DAWN - Monsanto Corporation
item WALLACE, TED - Mississippi State University
item KURAPARTHY, VASU - North Carolina State University

Submitted to: Journal of Euphytica
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/2/2013
Publication Date: 1/20/2014
Citation: Tyagi, P., Bowman, D.T., Edmisten, K., Bourland, F.M., Campbell, B.T., Fraser, D.E., Wallace, T., Kuraparthy, V. 2014. Components of hybrid vigor in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and their relationship with environment. Journal of Euphytica. 195:117-127.

Interpretive Summary: Cotton lint yield is primarily a product of yield component traits such as boll number and lint per boll, both of which can be further dissected into sub-components. Relationships among the yield components are complex where they further interact with the environment. In this study, we studied yield components of hybrid cotton lint yield (heterosis) and their relationship with environment among hybrids developed from three elite cultivars. Heterosis was observed for lint yield as well as yield components. The relationship between heterosis and mean environmental yield was negative for two hybrid combinations, whereas one hybrid showed increased heterosis from low to high yielding environments. Boll number was the major yield component contributing to lint yield. However, yield components contributing to the change in heterosis from low to high yielding environments were different for the three hybrids.

Technical Abstract: Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrids display commercially useful levels of heterosis for lint yield. Cotton lint yield is primarily a multiplicative product of boll number and lint per boll, both of which can be further dissected into sub-components. Relationships among the yield components are complex where they further interact with the environment. To identify different yield components of hybrid cotton lint yield and their relationship with environment, three cotton varieties, Deltapine 51, Stoneville 474 and LA 887 and, their respective hybrids were evaluated for lint yield components across five environments. Heterosis was observed for lint yield as well as yield components. The relationship between heterosis and mean environmental yield was negative for two hybrid combinations, whereas one hybrid showed increased heterosis from low to high yielding environments. Boll number was the major yield component contributing to lint yield. However, yield components contributing to the change in heterosis from low to high yielding environments were different for the three hybrids. The change in lint yield heterosis across environments was correlated with lint per boll and lint per seed for Deltapine 51 x Stoneville 474 and LA 887 x Deltapine 51. On the contrary, bolls m-2 and boll retention were the main yield components contributing to higher lint yield heterosis of Stoneville 474 x LA 887 in low yielding environments. Results also reveal effects of parental entries on lint yield as well as a relationship between heterosis and environment.