Technical Abstract: Crop selection and sequencing serve as a cornerstone of sustainable cropping systems. Among the many options available to select and sequence crops, a fixed-sequence system, whereby crops are sequenced in a consistent, unchanging pattern, is the most simple. Fixed-sequence systems, however, can compromise soil function, contribute to the development of pest and disease infestations, be less responsive to weather conditions, and may limit the potential to take advantage of market opportunities. To increase cropping system responsiveness to externalities, opportunity/flex crop sequences were developed to allow for adjustments in cropping intensity and/or diversity using critical information at planting, such as soil water status. Even greater flexibility in annual crop sequencing may be realized through the application of a dynamic cropping system concept, where crop sequence decisions are made annually in order to optimize production, economic, and resource conservation goals. Application of dynamic cropping systems in the northern Plains has resulted in greater crop yields that are also less variable. Evaluation of data from the Area IV SCD Research Farm found spring wheat grain yield to vary the least in a dynamic cropping system compared to other less diverse crop sequencing approaches. Moreover, grain yield in the dynamic system was 20 and 17% greater, respectively, compared to three and five year rotations containing spring wheat. Yield responses across cropping systems were driven largely by differences in precipitation-use efficiency, which was greatest in a dynamic system. Such outcomes suggest an inherent resilience of dynamic cropping systems to achieve greater production consistently within a variable environment.