Technical Abstract: Selection of pollen as a conservation target allows for the preservation of many diverse alleles within a genepool. Although it is possible to generate haploid plants from pollen grains, pollen is more commonly conserved as a gamete for gene conservation. The ease of pollen storage, shipment, and potential for its immediate use provide researchers with increased options when designing their breeding programs. Methods for pollen collection, desiccation, viability testing, and longevity assessment have been developed for many species of interest. These studies have revealed the critical importance of using high quality pollen and desiccating it sufficiently in a rapid manner and subsequent storage at very low temperatures for increased longevity. Reliable viability assessments are dependent upon adequate rehydration and the use of reliable stains, in vitro germination assays or in vivo pollination experiments. Pollen preservation in genebanks will likely be slowly implemented as standard operating procedures are developed.