Technical Abstract: A series of Beit Alpha cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) market type inbred backcross were released in January 2010 by the Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. The IBL were made available to U.S. cucumber breeders to supply a source from which they may develop Beit Alpha market types with increased genetic diversity and yield potential suitable for field and greenhouse production. These diverse IBL will be useful in genetic studies and to evaluate Beit Alpha cross-progency derived from IBL x elite germplasm created to broadened genetic base of this market type. The 117 inbred backcross lines (IBL) were developed by crossing Beit Alpha line '04HD5' (De Ruiter Seeds, The Netherlands; recurrent parent) and PI 285606 (Poland; donor parent), and then selecting the most genetically diverse BC1 (51 individuals) and BC2 progency (120) based on molecular market profiles (24 mapped loci), followed by three generations of single-seed descent (BC2S3). Molecular genotyping of IBL was then performed using an expanded marker array (35 marker loci), and IBL were evaluated for days to anthesis, sex expression, pistillate flowers per node, lateral branch number, fruits per plant, fruit length, and fruit weight in the U.S. (Hancock, Wisc.), Enkhuizen, The Netherlands; Beit Hanan, Israel; and Antalya, Turkey.