ARS | Publication request: Occurrence and yield effects of wheat infected with Triticum mosaic virus

Submitted to: Plant Disease
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: October 4, 2010
Publication Date: February 1, 2011
Repository URL: www._http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/pdf/10.1094/PDIS-03-10-0222_
Citation: Seifers, D.L., Martin, J.T., Fellers, J.P. 2011. Occurrence and yield effects of wheat infected with Triticum mosaic virus. Plant Disease. 95:183-188.

Interpretive Summary: Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) was discovered recently and little is known about the virus’ biology and potential to cause yield reductions. TriMV has been found all across the Great Plains and this study examined whether TriMV infection would re-occur at three specific locations in Kansas over a three year time period. The study also evaluated the effect on yield on numerous varieties. TriMV was inoculated at three Kansas locations in 2007 and over time could only be found in two locations in 2008, and one location in 2009 indicating that infection rates will be different from year to year. Yearly variation was not unique to TriMV as Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and High Plains virus also fluctuated from year to year. At one location in particular in 2009, 85% of the wheat 1.6 km from one site was infected with both TriMV and WSMV, even though only 3% was infected at this study site. Significant reductions in yield and bulk weight were found in Danby, RonL, and Jagalene, three wheat varieties grown on large acreages in Kansas. An experimental line KS96HW10-3 did not have any reductions and appears to have some resistance to TriMV. Overall, this study indicates that TriMV infection rates will tend to vary over time, but TriMV will cause significant yield reductions when infections rates are high in susceptible lines.

Technical Abstract: Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) infects wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Great Plains region of the United States. This study determined the occurrence of TriMV at three locations over three years and yield effects of wheat mechanically infected with TriMV. Wheat infection with TriMV, Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), and the High Plains virus (HPV) was verified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Both wheat singly infected with TriMV and doubly infected with TriMV and WSMV occurred at three, two, and one locations in 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively. Wheat singly infected with HPV occurred at one and two locations in 2008 and 2009, respectively. Wheat doubly infected with WSMV and HPV occurred at one location in 2008 and 2009. Infection with TriMV declined at two locations each year and at the third location it increased the second year and was not detected the third year. WSMV infection increased, except for a decline the third year at one location. In contrast to 3.0% infection of wheat with TriMV and WSMV at one location, 85% of the wheat 1.6 km from that site was infected with TriMV and WSMV in 2009. Infection of wheat with TriMV caused significant yield and volume weight reductions in Danby, RonL and Jagalene but not KS96HW10-3 wheat.