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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Florence, South Carolina » Coastal Plain Soil, Water and Plant Conservation Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #262749
Title: Dissecting the components of hybrid vigor associated lint yield in cotton

Author
item KURAPARTHY, VASU - North Carolina State University
item BOWMAN, DARYL - North Carolina State University
item TYAGI, PRIYANKA - North Carolina State University
item BOURLAND, FRED - University Of Arkansas
item Campbell, Benjamin - Todd
item WALLACE, TED - Mississippi State University

Submitted to: American Society of Agronomy Meetings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/10/2010
Publication Date: 12/11/2010
Citation: Kuraparthy, V., Bowman, D., Tyagi, P., Bourland, F., Campbell, B.T., Wallace, T. 2010. Dissecting the components of hybrid vigor associated with lint yield in cotton [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Society of Agronomy-Crop Science Society of America-Soil Science Society of America International Annual Meetings, October 31-November 4, 2010, Long Beach, California. 2010 CDROM.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Use of heterosis to increase yield of cotton has long been a breeding objective. A previous study suggests that mid-parent heterosis is negatively correlated with environment mean yield thus suggesting lint yield is higher in hybrids compared to parents in low yielding environments. We present here the results of data collected from tests that were conducted under non-irrigated conditions from three locations including Clayton, NC, Lewiston-NC and Rocky Mount, NC. The seed cotton yields were significantly different for the three locations presented in this study. The locations were classified as low, moderate and high yielding based on their means for seed cotton yield. There was a significant effect of genotype on seed cotton yield with hybrids producing significantly higher lint yield than parental lines (p-value of 0.008 at 0.05 level of significance). In this preliminary analysis with only three locations there was no significant effect of genotype on number of fruiting sites or fruit retention. Plotting the percent heterosis from each hybrid against the three locations classified as low, moderate and high yielding shows a decline in heterosis with increase in environmental mean yield for two of the three hybrid combinations. This result is consistent with an earlier report except for the hybrid combination LA887 X DP51. By including plant mapping data, lint yield and boll weight data of the remaining seven locations in statistical analysis number of fruiting sites, boll retention and boll weight components will be studied further to understand their role towards increased yield of hybrids especially in low yielding environments. Its been well documented that hybrids are more stable than their homozygous counterparts in many crop plants including corn, oil seed rape and cotton. But studying the actual yield component that contributes to the yield and stability due to heterosis would be beneficial to exploit hybrid vigor for improving cotton productivity.