Range and Livestock Research Site Logo
ARS Home About Us Helptop nav spacerContact Us En Espanoltop nav spacer
Printable VersionPrintable Version     E-mail this pageE-mail this page
Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture
Search
  Advanced Search
 
Programs and Projects
Subjects of Investigation
Home
CurrentNutrientContent
Range Comparison Pictures
Animal
Range
Publications
Weed Calculator
 

Research Project: PROACTIVE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE RANGELAND PRODUCTION

Location: Range and Livestock Research

Title: Estimating influence of stocking regimes on livestock grazing distributions

Authors
item Rinella, Matthew
item Vavra, Martin -
item Naylor, Bridgett -
item Boyd, Jennifer -

Submitted to: Ecological Modelling
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: September 23, 2010
Publication Date: October 27, 2010
Citation: Rinella, M.J., Vavra, M., Naylor, B.J., Boyd, J.M. 2010. Estimating influence of stocking regimes on livestock grazing distributions. Ecological Modelling. 222:619-625.

Interpretive Summary: Livestock often concentrate grazing at small hotspots in the larger landscape, and dispersing livestock away from these intensively grazed areas is one of the central challenges in range management. We evaluated a technique based on shifting the stocking date to prevent overgrazing of small areas containing grasslands and meadows within a largely forested mountain rangeland. In a large pasture (i.e. 2373 ha), cattle stocking was alternated between early in one year and late in the next, for 18 years. Early stocking occurred when vegetation was actively rowing, and late stocking occurred during senescence. Each year, animal position data were recorded from a sample of cattle wearing radio or GPS collars. Based on the average of these data over all years, cattle grazed the study units between six and 10 times more heavily than expected under evenly distributed grazing, regardless of wheather uniform grazing is defined in terms of the amount of biomass consumed or the ratio of consumption to production So anagement that disperses cattle away from the study units is clearly desirable. Grazing under late stocking was less than one third as intense as grazing under early stocking in some study units. Averaged over all study units, grazing in most late stocking years was less than half as intense as grazing in the average early stocking years. Thus, late stocking appears to be a very effective means for reducing disproportionately intense grazing of small grasslands and meadows in mountain rangelands.

Technical Abstract: Ungulates often concentrate grazing at small hotspots in the larger landscape, and dispersing livestock away from these intensively grazed areas is one of the central challenges in range management. We evaluated a technique based on shifting the stocking date to prevent overgrazing of small areas containing grasslands and meadows withing a largely forested mountain rangeland. In a large pasture (i.e. 2373 ha), cattle stocking was alternated between early in one year and late in the next for 18 years. Early stocking occurred when vegetation was actively growing, and late stocking occurred during senescence. Each year, animal position data were recorded from a sample of cattle wearing radio or GPS collars. Based on the average of these data over all years, cattle grazed the study units between six and 10 times more heavily than expected under evenly distributed grazing, regardless of whether uniform grazing is defined in terms of the amount of biomass consumed or the ratio of consumption to production. so management that disperses cattle away from the study units is clearly desirable. Based on most likely parameter estimates from our causal modeling, grazing under late stocking was less than one third as intense as grazing under early stocking in some study units. Average over all study units, grazing in most late stocking years was less than half as intense as grazing in the average early stocking years. Thus, late stocking appears to be a very effective means for reducing disproportionately intense grazing of small grasslands and meadows in mountain rangelands.

   

 
Project Team
Vermeire, Lance
Reinhart, Kurt
Petersen, Mark
Waterman, Richard
Rinella, Matthew - Matt
 
Publications
   Publications
 
Related National Programs
  Food Animal Production (101)
  Pasture, Forage and Rangeland Systems (215)
 
Related Projects
   FIRE, DROUGHT AND GRAZING INTERACTIONS IN NORTHERN MIXED PRAIRIE
 
 
Last Modified: 05/21/2013
ARS Home | USDA.gov | Site Map | Policies and Links 
FOIA | Accessibility Statement | Privacy Policy | Nondiscrimination Statement | Information Quality | USA.gov | White House