ARS | Publication request: The pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease I; viral pathways in cattle

Submitted to: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: January 15, 2011
Publication Date: August 1, 2011
Citation: Arzt, J., Juleff, N., Zhang, Z., Rodriguez, L.L. 2011. The pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease I; viral pathways in cattle. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 58(4):291-304.

Technical Abstract: In 1898 foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) earned a place in history as the first disease of animals shown to be caused by a virus. Yet, despite over a century of active investigation and elucidation of many aspects of FMD pathogenesis, critical knowledge about the virus-host interactions is still lacking. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of FMD pathogenesis in cattle spanning from the earliest studies to recently acquired insights emphasizing works which describe animals infected by methodologies most closely resembling natural infection (predominantly aerosol or direct/indirect contact). The 3 basic phases of FMD pathogenesis in vivo will be dissected and characterized as: (1) previremia characterized by infection and replication at the primary replication site(s), (2) sustained viremia with generalization and vesiculation at secondary infection sites, and (3) postviremia/convalescence including resolution of clinical disease that may result in long-term persistent infection. Critical evaluation of the current status of understanding will be used to identify knowledge gaps to guide future research efforts.