Technical Abstract: Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a warm season perennial grass that is native to North America. It has been used in pastures and for conservation purposes in the Great Plains and the Midwest, USA, for over 70 years. Switchgrass is currently being developed into a biomass energy crop that can be grown on marginal crop land. This report focuses on switchgrass as a biomass energy crop. Switchgrass adaptation and distribution, taxonomy and morphology, physiology and growth, genetics and breeding, management including establishment, fertility, harvest, and seed production, biomass composition and conversion, energy yields and production economics, and sustainability and ecological services are reviewed and summarized.