Processed Foods Research Site Logo
ARS Home About Us Helptop nav spacerContact Us En Espanoltop nav spacer
Printable VersionPrintable Version     E-mail this pageE-mail this page
Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture
Search
  Advanced Search
 
Programs and Projects
Subjects of Investigation
 

Research Project: CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROL OF NUTRITIONAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF RAW AND PROCESSED GRAINS, LEGUMES, AND VEGETABLES

Location: Processed Foods Research

Title: Carbohydrate Composition of Raw and Extruded Pulse Flours

Authors
item Berrios, Jose
item Morales, Patricia -
item Camara, Montana -
item Sanchez-Mata, Maria -

Submitted to: Food Research International
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: November 13, 2009
Publication Date: March 2, 2010
Citation: Berrios, J.D., Morales, P., Camara, M., Sanchez-Mata, M.C. 2010. Carbohydrate Composition of Raw and Extruded Pulse Flours. Food Research International. 43: 531-536.

Interpretive Summary: Extrusion cooking technology is commercially used in the fabrication of a variety of snack-type and ready-to-eat foods made from cereals grains. However, with the exception of soybean, other pulses such as lentil, dry pea and chickpea have not been used for the development of extruded food products. In this study, total carbohydrates, sugars, and soluble and insoluble dietary fiber were determined before and after extrusion cooking. Total available carbohydrates (TAC) in lentil, chickpea and dry pea flours ranged between 625 g/kg to 657 g/kg. Dry pea showed the highest concentration of TAC, followed by chickpea and lentil. Extrusion processing did not affect the total sugar content of dry pea and lentil flours. However, it decreased the concentration of complex carbohydrates in the pulse extrudates. Formulated pulse flours demonstrated the beneficial increase in dietary fiber in the extrudates. This research indicates that value-added, nutritious snacks with low flatulence factor and high content of dietary fiber could be fabricated successfully by extrusion cooking from lentil-, dry pea-, and chickpea-based formulations, as a good alternative to traditional cereal-based snacks. Also, the potential commercialization of value-added, pulse-based snacks would increase pulse consumption in the diet of the population.

Technical Abstract: Extrusion cooking technology is commercially used in the fabrication of a variety of snack-type and ready-to-eat foods made from cereals grains. However, with the exception of soybean, other pulses such as lentil, dry pea and chickpea have not been used for the development of extruded food products. In this study, total carbohydrates, mono, di and oligosaccharides, and soluble and insoluble dietary fiber were determined before and after extrusion cooking under specific processing conditions. Total available carbohydrates (TAC) in lentil, chickpea and dry pea flours ranged between 625 g/kg to 657 g/kg dry matter. Dry pea showed the highest concentration of TAC, followed by chickpea and lentil. Extrusion processing did not significantly (p <0.05) affect the total sugar content of dry pea and lentil flours. However, extrusion processing decreased the concentration of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (raffinose and stachyose) in the pulse extrudates. Formulated pulse flours demonstrated the beneficial increase in dietary fiber in the resultant flours. This research indicates that value-added, nutritious snacks with low flatulence factor and high content of dietary fiber could be fabricated successfully by extrusion processing from lentil-, dry pea-, and chickpea-based formulations, as a good alternative to traditional cereal-based snacks. Also, the potential commercialization of value-added, pulse-based snacks would increase pulse consumption in the diet of the population.

   

 
Project Team
Takeoka, Gary
Kahlon, Talwinder
Berrios, Jose
McHugh, Tara
 
Publications
   Publications
 
Related National Programs
  Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products (306)
 
 
Last Modified: 05/19/2013
ARS Home | USDA.gov | Site Map | Policies and Links 
FOIA | Accessibility Statement | Privacy Policy | Nondiscrimination Statement | Information Quality | USA.gov | White House