Technical Abstract: This chapter describes the origin, speciation, and history of improvement of the raspberries, Rubus section idaeobatus. The world industry in North America, Australasia, China, Europe, Eastern Europe, Africa, and South America and the breeding objectives of programs in those areas are discussed. Germplasm exploration and resource management are discussed. Breeding technology, systems, and specific objectives are also discussed. The latest information on fruit quality including nutritional and pharmochemical content is presented. The achievements and prospects of the culmination of more than a century of raspberry improvement are described.