ARS | Publication request: Expression of Neonatal Bovine Acute Phase Cytokines after In-Vitro

Submitted to: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: August 15, 2008
Publication Date: November 6, 2008
Citation: Eicher, S. D., and T. A. Johnson. 2008. Expression of neonatal bovine acute phase cytokines after in vitro stimulation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae beta-glucan, Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan, or Eschericia coli LPS. J. Leukoc. Biol. 84: suppl.1:43.

Technical Abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLR) are involved in the immune cells’ responses to molecular patterns of bacterial components (pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs). Toll-like receptor 2 recognizes gram-positive bacteria (by carbohydrate components, such as peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus, or beta-glucan from yeast cell walls). Toll-like receptor 4 binds PAMPs of gram-negative bacteria, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pathogen recognition by TLR results in signaling for acute phase cytokine expression. We have previously shown enhanced TLR4 expression with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) stimulation in neonatal calves, but only trends for a change with beta-glucan (BG). The objective of this study was to assess the expression of acute phase cytokines, IL-1ß and its receptor antagonist (Ra) and TNF-a from leukocytes of neonatal calves that were stimulated in-vitro for 60 minutes with a water-soluable beta-glucan (part of the larger zymosan particles; 80 µg/ml ), Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan (25 µg/ml), or lipopolisaccharide from E. coli (1µg/ml). IL-1 ß expression was greater (P < 0.05) for cells stimulated with PGN compared to those stimulated with BG and tended (P = 0.06) to be greater than the expression of cells stimulated with LPS. However, expression of IL-1Ra tended to be greater for both LPS (P = 0.07) and PGN (P = 0.08) stimulated cells than for those stimulated with BG. The expression of TNF- a was not different among the three treatments. These results show differential expression of IL-1ß and its receptor antagonist by leukocytes of neonatal calves when stimulated with gram positive PGN, but little effect was seen with by LPS and BG stimulants. This study will benefit scientists studying immune maturation of neonatal calves.