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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Dawson, Georgia » National Peanut Research Laboratory » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #220392
Title: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Prohexadione Calcium

Author
item JORDAN, DAVID - NC STATE UNIVERSITY
item Nuti, Russell
item BEAM, JOSHUA - NC STATE UNIVERSITY
item LANCASTER, SARAH - NC STATE UNIVERSITT
item LANIER, JAMES - NC STATE UNIVERSITY
item LASSITER, BRIDGET - NC STATE UNIVERSITY
item JOHNSON, DEWAYNE - NC STATE UNIVERSITY

Submitted to: Peanut Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/11/2008
Publication Date: 11/25/2008
Citation: Jordan, D.L., Nuti, R.C., Beam, J.B., Lancaster, S.H., Lanier, J.E., Lassiter, B.R., Johnson, D.P. 2008. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Prohexadione Calcium. Peanut Science.

Interpretive Summary: In conditions where peanut vine growth is large enough to hides the rows, it is a challenge to dig. When this situation occurs, harvesting peanuts is not as efficient as when the tractor driver has well defined rows. A plant growth regulator, prohexadione calcium, is available for treating peanuts grown where vine growth can be excessive. Yield improvements have also been associated by using this plant growth regulator on peanuts. Several new Virginia market type peanut varieties have been released since prohexadione calcium was labeled for peanuts. Research was necessary to determine how these new varieties would respond to the product. Research was done to record row visibility of these new varieties at 2 digging dates both with and without being treated with the plant growth regulator. Although differences in row visibility were seen among varieties, the plant growth regulator improved row visibility in almost every experiment regardless of the varieties used. The varieties NC 12C and Perry had a better yield response to the plant growth regulator than did the varieties NC-V 11 or VA 98R. Digging date did not affect whether or not a yield response was seen. In other experiments, the plant growth regulator improved row visibility of the varieties AT VC-2, Gregory, NC-V 11, Perry, VA 98R, and Wilson but did not improve their yield. In a final experiment, the plant growth regulator improved row visibility Brantley, CHAMPS, Gregory, and Phillips peanut varieties and the experimental lines, N02006 and VT 976133 in 3 of 4 experiments. This plant growth regulator increased row visibility of Georgia Green, Tamspan 90, and Gregory but did not affect yield of these varieties.

Technical Abstract: Peanut digging efficiency can be reduced if row visibility is limited by excessive vegetation. The plant growth regulator prohexadione calcium retards vegetative growth and improves row visibility by inhibiting internode elongation. In some instances, prohexadione calcium also increases pod yield. Several new Virginia market type cultivars have been released since registration of prohexadione calcium, and response of some of these cultivars to prohexadione calcium has not been published. Research was conducted to determine the effects of cultivar and digging date on row visibility and pod yield when prohexadione calcium was applied sequentially at 140 g ai/ha at 50% row closure followed by a second application 2 to 3 wk later. Although differences in row visibility were noted among cultivars, prohexadione calcium improved row visibility in almost every experiment regardless of cultivar. The Virginia market type cultivars NC 12C and Perry were more responsive to broadcast applications of prohexadione calcium in terms of pod yield than the Virginia market type cultivars NC-V 11 or VA 98R. Response of these cultivars was independent of digging date. In other experiments, prohexadione calcium improved row visibility of the cultivars AT VC-2, Gregory, NC-V 11, Perry, VA 98R, and Wilson but did not increase yield when compared with non-treated peanut. In a final experiment, prohexadione calcium improved row visibility of the Virginia market type cultivars Brantley, CHAMPS, Gregory, and Phillips and the experimental lines, N02006 and VT 976133 at 3 of 4 sites. Row visibility for the experimental line N01013T was improved at 2 of 4 sites by prohexadione calcium. Prohexadione calcium increased row visibility of Georgia Green (runner market type), Tamspan 90 (Spanish market type), and Gregory (Virginia market type) but did not affect pod yield of these cultivars.