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ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Parlier, California » San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center » Crop Diseases, Pests and Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #181812
Title: NEW SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT LOCI FOR THE STUDY OF GRAPE PHYLLOXERA (DAKTULOSPHAIRA VITIFOLIAE) GENETICS AND HOST ADAPATION.

Author
item Lin, Hong
item WALKER, ANDREW - UNIV OF CALIF-DAVIS
item GRANETT, JEFFREY - UNIV OF CALIF-DAVIS

Submitted to: American Journal of Enology and Viticulture
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/10/2005
Publication Date: 3/1/2006
Citation: Lin, H., Walker, A., Granett, J. 2006. New Simple Sequence Repeat Loci for the Study of Grape Phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) Genetics and Host Adapation. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. 75(1):33-40.

Interpretive Summary: Grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch is a devastating pest of grapevines (Vitaceae). The pest causes significant losses in grape production in California as well as throughout the world. Seven co-dominant microsatellite DNA markers developed from recent study were used to distinguish genetic diversity in California and European phylloxera populations. The results confirm the utility of these loci for analyzing genetic diversity, finger-printing strains, and studying host associations. Data from this study suggests that non-sexual reproduction is likely a primary mole of phylloxera in California populations. High levels of genetic diversities and strong host-associated genotypes of phylloxera found in California are likely the results of multiple introductions and host selection. The data therefore suggest quarantine control is crucial in regulating import/exchange grape plant materials. Understanding genetic diversity and reproductive biology of the pest will help design and develop effective strategies for the pest management.

Technical Abstract: Grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch is a devastating pest of grapevines (Vitaceae). The pest causes significant losses in grape production in California as well as throughout the world. A subtractive-based hybridization strategy was used to construct microsatellite enriched genomic libraries. Fifty loci were identified for primer design and 19 produced good PCR products, seven of which reliably detected polymorphisms across the 32 phylloxera populations tested. These seven SSR loci were used to distinguish genetic diversity in California and European phylloxera collections. The results confirm the utility of these loci for analyzing genetic diversity, finger-printing strains, and studying host associations. A significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the tested California populations suggests that parthenogenesis is perhaps the primary, if not only, reproductive system in California. The data also support the hypothesis that the levels of genetic diversity and the host adaptation found in California populations are likely the result of multiple introductions and host selection. The data therefore suggests quarantine control is crucial in regulating import/exchange grape plant materials. Understanding genetic diversity and reproductive biology of the pest will help design and develop effective strategies for the pest management.