Technical Abstract: Row spacings of 60 cm or more have been recommended in semiarid regions for seeded pastures of Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski] to sustain forage yields in dry years. Wide row spacings also promote weed invasion, soil erosion, and elevated plant crowns that result in a rough ground surface. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between row spacing and productivity of Russian wildrye at two semiarid sites in the northern Great Plains. Four cultivars and experimental strains were seeded in rows spaced from 15 to 90 cm apart in 15-cm increments. Dry matter yields varied among years at both sites, primarily in response to precipitation. Yields tended to be greater for the 15-cm row spacing than the other spacings when the tests were newly established, but differences among row spacings diminished in succeeding years and were essentially equal by the third production year. Regrowth forage had greater crude protein concentrations than the initial July harvest at the hard-dough stage of development. Differences in crude protein concentration among row spacings were not consistent over years. Potential weed invasion and other problems would negate any advantage for row spacings greater than 45 cm.