Technical Abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate how feed withdrawal, transportation, and antibiotic treatments influenced the cecal environment and cecal populations of Campylobacter in swine. Four miniature gilts (8.8 kg), naturally infected with C. jejuni, were surgically implanted with cecal cannulas. The gilts were fasted for 48 hrs. Samples of cecal content were collected for 7 days prior to and for 7 days after the fast, and mean values were determined for pH, VFA, and C. jejuni enumeration. Following a 48 hr. fast, cecal pH increased by one unit; acetic and propionic acids decreased by 61% and 71%, respectively; and there was a two-fold log10 increase in cfu/g cecal content of C. jejuni. Pigs (full-fed) were loaded onto a trailer and transported for 3 hr., and cecal samples collected prior to and immediately following transportation. Values of pH, VFA, and cfu of C. jejuni did not change following transportation. Treatment with an oral suspension of erythromycin (1600 mg/pig/day) eliminated C. jejuni from the cecum and from ileocolic lymph nodes in this study. Although antibiotics should not be used prior to transportation in commercial pigs, data from this study have important food safety considerations because feed withdrawal, commonly associated with shipping and slaughter, can increase shedding of C. jejuni in swine.