Skip to main content
ARS Home » Pacific West Area » Kimberly, Idaho » Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #100779
Title: ACCUMULATION OF CS-137 AND SR-90 FROM CONTAMINATED SOIL BY THREE GRASS SPECIES INOCULATED WITH MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI

Author
item Entry, James
item WATRUD, L - U.S. EPA
item REEVES, M - U.S. DOE, OAK RIDGE NATL

Submitted to: Environmental Pollution
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/17/1998
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: The use of plants to accumulate low level radioactive waste from soil, followed by incineration of plant material to concentrate radionuclides may prove to be a viable and economical method of remediating contaminated areas. We tested the effectiveness of bahia grass (Paspalum notatum), johnson grass (Sorghum halpense) and switchgrass (Panicum virginatum)to accumulate on Cs-137 and Sr-90 from contaminated soil after inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Ater three harvests, the above ground biomass of bahia, johnson and switchgrass plants accumulated from 26.3 to 71.7% of the of the Cs-137 and from 23.8 to 88.7% of the Sr-90 added to the soil. In each of the three grass species tested, plants inoculated with G. mosseae or G. intraradices had greater aboveground plant biomass, higher concentrations of Cs-137 or Sr-90 in plant tissue, % accumulation of Cs-137 or Sr-90 from soil at each harvest than those that did not receive mycorrhizal inoculation. Johnson grass had greater aboveground plant biomass, greater accumulation of Cs-137 or Sr-90 from soil than bahia grass and switchgrass. The greatest accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90 was observed in johnson grass inoculated with G. mosseae. Grasses can grow in wide geographical ranges that include a broad variety of edaphic conditions. The highly efficient removal of these radionuclides by these grass species after inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizae supports the concept that remediation of radionuclide contaminated soils using mycorrhizal plants may present a viable strategy to remediate and reclaim sites contaminated with radionuclides.

Technical Abstract: The use of plants to accumulate low level radioactive waste from soil, followed by incineration of plant material to concentrate radionuclides may prove to be a viable and economical method of remediating contaminated areas. We tested the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae on Cs-137 and Sr-90 uptake by bahia grass (Paspalum notatum), johnson grass (Sorghum halpense) and switchgrass (Panicum virginatum) for the effectiveness on three different contaminated soil types. The above ground biomass of bahia, johnson and switchgrass plants accumulated from 26.3 to 71.7% of the total amount of the Cs-137 and from 23.8 to 88.7% of the total amount of the Sr-90 added to the soil after three harvests. In each of the three grass species tested, plants inoculated with G. mosseae or G. intraradices had greater aboveground plant biomass, higher concentrations of Cs-137 or Sr-90 in plant tissue, % accumulation of Cs-137 or Sr-90 from soil and plant bioconcentration ratios at each harvest than those that did not receive mycorrhizal inoculation. Johnson grass had greater aboveground plant biomass, greater accumulation of Cs-137 or Sr-90 from soil and plant higher bioconcentration ratios with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi than bahia grass and switchgrass. The greatest accumulation of Cs-137 and Sr-90 was observed in johnson grass inoculated with G. mosseae. The highly efficient removal of these radionuclides by these grass species after inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizae supports the concept that remediation of radionuclide contaminated soils using mycorrhizal plants may present a viable strategy to remediate and reclaim sites contaminated with radionuclides.