Author
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Castle, Steven |
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Submitted to: National Research and Action Plan for Silver Leaf Whitefly
Publication Type: Abstract Only Publication Acceptance Date: 6/1/1998 Publication Date: N/A Citation: N/A Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: Among research and review articles published in the past 20 years that considered in some degree the pest status of Bemisia tabaci, a preponderance indicated that insecticide use had played a significant role in its development into a major pest. Direct and indirect effects of insecticides on field populations of B. tabaci were implicated in exacerbating management efforts. Eveleens (1983, Crop Protection 2:273-287 reviewed the whitefly crisis in the Sudan Gezira in the late 1970s and concluded that decimation of natural enemy populations through non-targeted exposure to insecticides had indirectly led to whitefly outbreaks. Dittrich et al. (1985, Crop Protection 4:161-176) argued that Eveleens beneficial insect hypothesis was incorrect because direct mechanisms involving whiteflies, such as resistance to organophosphorous insecticides and fertility stimulation by DDT residues, were the most important causes of the outbreaks. The intensive spraying of insecticides resulted in a whitefly crisis in the Sudan Gezira. Subsequent articles by other authors (e.g. D. N. Byrne et al., 1990, pp. 227-261 in "Whiteflies: Their Bionomics, Pest Status and Management" ed. D. Gerling; F. J. Byrne & A. L. Devonshire, 1993, Pestic. Biochem. Phys. 45:34-42) also suggested that both direct and indirect effects of insecticide use had been the most important causes of crisis situations associated with whitefly outbreaks in general. |
