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Title: PRODUCTION OF FUMONISINS B1, B2 AND B3 BY FUSARIUM PROLIFERATUM ISOLATED FROM RYE GRAINS

Author
item EZZAT, M. - UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
item STACK, MICHAEL - FOOD AND DRUG ADMIN.
item Goth, Robert
item BEAN, GEORGE - UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND

Submitted to: Mycotoxin Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/3/1997
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: The fungus, Fusarium proliferatum, produces the mycotoxin fumonisin, which is implicated in equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) in horses, and procine pulmonary edema (PPE) in swine. Not all F. proliferatum isolates produce fumonisin; some produce none, while others produce Fumonisin B1 (FB-1); FB-1 & FB-2; FB-3; and FB-1, FB-2 and FB-3, respectively. We developed a seed-plate technique that enabled us to isolate F. proliferatum from rye grains that produced the fumonisins, FB-1, FB-2, and FB-3 on rice and yellow corn. The fumonisins produced on rice were consistently more than double that on the yellow corn. These results suggest that grains infested with F. proliferatum should be monitored for the presence of fumonisins. The fumonisins produced by this isolate of F. proliferatum will provide mycotoxicologists and other pathologists the material needed to study epidemiology and toxicity of this fungus.

Technical Abstract: A seed-plate technique was used to isolate a strain of F. proliferatum from rye grains that produces the fumonisins, Fumonisin B1 (FB1), FB2, and FB3 on rice and corn. These fumonisins were extracted from inoculated corn and rice with an aqueous methanol solution. Fumonisin concentrations were estimated with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentrations of all three fumonisins (FB1, FB2, and FB3) ranged from 3816, 1068 to 985 ppm on rice and 1643, 350 to 162 ppm on corn, respectively. We conclude that where F. proliferatum is a component of the mycoflora, natural substrates should be monitored for the presence of fumonisins.