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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Protection and Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #316699
Title: Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from China, India and USA

Author
item WANG, H - University Of Georgia
item KHERA, P - University Of Georgia
item CULBREATH, A - University Of Georgia
item HUANG, B - Henan Agricultural University
item ZHANG, X - Henan Agricultural University
item YUAN, M - Shandong Peanut Research Institute
item KATAM, R - Florida A & M University
item MOORE, K - Agresearch Consultants
item VARSHNEY, R - International Crops Research Institute For Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) - India
item Guo, Baozhu

Submitted to: American Peanut Research and Education Society Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/2/2015
Publication Date: 7/2/2015
Citation: Wang, H., Khera, P., Culbreath, A., Huang, B., Zhang, X., Yuan, M., Katam, R., Moore, K., Varshney, R., Guo, B. 2015. Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of peanut cultivars and breeding lines from China, India and USA. American Peanut Research and Education Society Abstracts. American Peanut Research and Education Society meeting, July 14-16, 2015, Charleston, South Carolina.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important source for edible oil and protein. It is important to identify genetic diversity of peanut for cultivar development. In this study, 111 SSR markers with high polymorphic information content (PIC) were used to assess the genetic variation of 79 peanut cultivars and breeding lines from different breeding programs in China, India and the US. These SSR markers amplified 472 polymorphic bands with an average of 4.25, and the average gene diversity and PIC were 0.480 and 0.429, respectively. The average gene diversity in the U.S., China and India peanut lines was 0.363, 0.489 and 0.47, respectively, whereas the average PIC values were 0.323, 0.43 and 0.412. The genetic diversity of the lines from China and India was higher than that of the U.S. lines, while within a country the genetic diversity of peanut lines from HAAS in China was the highest. A dendrogram based on neighbor-joining was created, which divided the 79 peanut lines into two major groups (G1 and G2). G2 group was further divided into five subgroups, G2a, G2b, G2c, G2d and G2e. Interestingly, all of the peanut lines from G1 were Spanish marker type. The grouping was generally related to the geographic origin and the peanut market types. The STRUCTURE analysis and the clustering using principal component analysis were basically consistent to the dendrogram. The genetic relationships reported in this study might be useful for selection of diverse parents for developing peanut cultivars with a broad genetic base. These SSR markers used in this study could be used for other molecular genetics and breeding studies in peanuts.