Technical Abstract: Hundreds of fruit species with commercial potential are currently in a status of low economic importance. Some, such as quince (Cydonia oblonga L.), pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), and figs (Ficus carica L.) , have been cultivated for thousands of years. Others have only been locally collected and consumed from wild populations of the fruit. Their development of these underappreciated crops depends on a range of factors including the cultivation limitations, yields, uses of the fruit, and marketing potential. Although initially many crops are developed using selections from the wild, as they are developed, breeding programs work towards improving the crop for both production and quality. This chapter examines nine emerging crops chosen among hundreds of potential crops which are currently showing much promise as commercial crops. These include five tree fruits: pawpaw(Asimina triloba L.), quince, mayhaw (Cragaegus sp.), pomegranate, and fig; and four berry crops: blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L), elder (Sambucus nigra L.), goji (Lycium barbarum L., and ohelo (Vaccinium reticulatum and V. calycinum).